The diagnosis of prostate cancer

In the diagnosis of prostate clinical symptoms and signs important, If regular physical examination can detect early census smaller lesions. Over 40 years of age have a high degree of disease risk and 50-year-old male in each of the above should be accepted carefully rectal examination or conventional physical examination, and should check for PSA. The main prostate cancer diagnosis method is as follows: (1) rectal examination: a diagnosis of prostate transrectal prostate cancer screening is the main method. In 80% of cases will be diagnosed. Over the 45-year-old patient census for rectal examination can be found early prostate cancer and improve surgical rate. (2) Microscopy: 1) urine smear find prostate cancer cells. This method can not replace prostate biopsy only as a complementary method. 2) prostatic fluid smear cytology. The accuracy of this method higher (some reports that up to 86%). 3) inhibition of leukocyte adhesion (Leukocyte Adherenee Inhibition, LAI). This experiment was generally acknowledged to be a relatively simple and sensitive tumor antigen detection method. (3) tests: 1) acid phosphatase (PAP) determination; 2) bone marrow acid phosphatase (BMAP) determination; 3) prostate specific antigen (PSA); 4) seminal plasma protein (r - Sm) Determination 5) serum creatine kinase (CK-BB) determination; 6) alkaline phosphatase determination; 7) relative enzyme index; 8) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA); 9) hormone receptor determination; 10) immune protein analysis ; 11) lactate dehydrogenase isozyme (LDH) inspection; 12) in the urine polyamines substances (Polyaraine) determination; 13) urine biochemical hydroxyl Proline (Hydroxy Proline) determination; 14) Determination of plasma zinc and vitamin A / zinc ratio. (4) Ultrasonography: the section can prostate lesions and reflect the scope. (5) radionuclide scan: commonly used to diagnose prostate cancer bone metastasis. (6) X-ray examination. (7) CT: CT scan can determine the extent of prostate cancer invasion. (8) MRI: MRI can show that the prostate and surrounding tissue lesions. (9) biopsy: 1) prostate biopsy: prostate biopsy examination can provide cytology diagnosis for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer is of great significance; 2) bone marrow puncture: bone marrow samples taken is whether the evaluation of prostate cancer has been transferred to the bone Another method. Currently, the diagnosis of prostate cancer despite continuous improvement, but no single most sensitive and reliable method. Patients in the screening should be from simple to complex, without first considering damage inspection, after considering trauma inspection. The prostate biopsy suspicious cases to the most reliable.