Infectious mononucleosis overview of

Infectious mononucleosis disease (Infectious mononucleosis) by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) - induced acute self-limited disease. The clinical characteristics of fever, Laryngitis, lymphadenopathy, peripheral blood lymphocytes significantly increased and abnormal lymphocyte 22 reported heterosexual agglutination test positive, there after infection in vivo anti - EBV antibody.
Etiology
EBV is a herpes virus group. 1964 by Epstein, Barr from Africa and other malignant lymphoma cell culture first found. The virus is spherical diameter about 180 nm, capsid surface coated with lipoprotein, for double-stranded DNA core.
This virus on the growth requirements very special, it is difficult to virus isolation. However, in cultured lymphocytes using immunofluorescence or electron microscopy method can be detected this virus. EBV is B cell characteristics as its fracturing and the original, B lymphocytes to lymphoblast cell.
There are five components of EBV antigen that the virus capsid antigen (VcA), the membrane antigen (MA), early antigen (EA), complement binding antigen (soluble antigen S) and nuclear antigen (EBNA). Various antigen can produce antibodies.
Epidemiological
(A) The source of infection of patients and carriers of the infectious-disease source. Carriers in the healthy population is approximately 15%.
(B) to disseminate more than 80 percent of patients with nasopharyngeal have Epstein-Barr virus exists, after the resumption of 15 ~ 20% of long-term throat virus. Close contact with the mouth and nose as the main mode of transmission, can also be spread by droplets and blood transfusion.
(C) The crowd generally susceptible group susceptible, but children and young people see more patients. 6-year-old child suffering from the disease, most of the performance for hidden or light incidence. 15-year-old sustained above the typical infection incidence. After lasting immune disease will be the second disease is not common.
Principle and pathological changes in the pathogenesis
The incidence of this disease theory have not yet been fully clarified. After the virus may enter the first oral pharyngeal lymphoid tissue proliferation after invasive blood lead viremia, followed involving lymphatic system and the organs. As the B-lymphocyte surface receptor with EBV, it easily involvement. B lymphocyte proliferative activity after infection, the antigenic change, which can cause T-lymphocyte defense response, a direct cytotoxic effect of the destruction of infected B cells. The cells of the immune response is a self-limited disease course an important factor. B-cell damage after the release of their antigen to stimulate the formation of autoantibodies, which led to a series of complications.
The main features of the lymphatic network organization is a benign hyperplasia. There are various liver mononuclear cell infiltration, and Kupffer cell proliferation and focal necrosis. Splenomegaly, spleen sinus and spleen lymphocytes intramedullary full of deformation.easy bleeding, and even rupture. Lymphadenopathy, abscess formation, Vice cortex (T lymphocytes) hyperplasia significantly. Systemic other organs such as cardiac, kidney, adrenal gland, lung, skin and central nervous system, and so there may be congestion, edema and lymphocyte infiltration.