Radioactive pneumonia how to conduct home care »

(1) to give a positive psychological counseling, so that patients can maintain a good spirit, confidence in conquering the disease. Family members accompany patients to be more, to give life care. (2) attention should be paid to observe the patient's breathing frequency and depth, such as patients lips cyanosis, difficulty in breathing should be admitted semi-supine, given oxygen inhalation and conditions can infusion such as prednisone or dexamethasone, to ease Symptoms. (3) daily observation of temperature changes, mild fever can be 30 percent rubbing alcohol or warm water bath. Massage Yongquan Xue, He Guxue, Quchi Xue, who can be re-hormones, intravenous antibiotics. Chinese medicine can be cool Bupleurum injection, Chuanhuning, Qingkailing injection, and so on. (4) Note the changes in the patients cough and accompanied by symptoms, not easy to have the sputum Kechu, can pat his back, from a bottom-up help Expectoration. Oral licorice mixture, it Sou-ping. If a patient can not sleep dry cough, can be oral codeine 0.3 grams. (5) maintain indoor clean, fresh air, indoor temperature usually in the 18 ~ 20 ℃ suitable, humidity of 60% to 65% better. (6) Note time change clothes, bed sheets, blankets. Oral maintain clean, disease-resistant increase capacity, to prevent cross-infection. Smokers must quit.

Chlamydia pneumonia treatment

Chlamydia pneumonia treatment with the general principles of the treatment of pneumonia roughly the same. 1. Pay attention to strengthening the general care and treatment of rest, keep indoor air fresh and maintain an appropriate temperature and humidity. Maintain respiratory unobstructed and often turned the replacement position. Irritability can increase the lack of oxygen, it can be addressed to the appropriate amount of sedative drugs. Abundant supply of calories and rich in vitamins, easy to digest and absorb adequate food and water. 2. Antibiotic treatment (1) the ball, esters antibiotic erythromycin ①: Chlamydia pneumonia should be the preferred antibiotic erythromycin, the amount of 50 mg / (kg d), three to four times oral连用two weeks. Severe oral or not, can be intravenous. Tears up in the concentration of erythromycin, can also remove the nasopharynx Chlamydia trachomatis, can prevent the occurrence of pneumonia chlamydia trachomatis. ② roxithromycin or force in Romania: the amount of 5 ~ 8 mg / (kg d), at 2 behind fasting taken sooner or later, the linked two weeks. If in the course of treatment after a still coughing and fatigue can be No. 2 course. ③ azithromycin (sumamed): Nitrogen is a ring of lipid antibiotics, and the structure of the ring within the lipid similar antibiotics. Good oral absorption, the maximum serum concentration of 0.4 mg / L. Can be quickly distributed in various tissues and organs. Chlamydia-on role. After treatment, drug treatment can be maintained at the level of 5 ~ 7 d. t1 / 2 to 12 ~ 14 h, the daily oral one, a short course of treatment. The prototype drug to discharge bile. Antacids and drug delivery time interval of at least 2 h. Has not been found and theophylline class, oral anti-clotting drug, carbamazepine, phenytoin, digoxin, which are interactions. Children (weight 10 kg and above) the first day of every 10 mg / kg, a day after 4 d per 5 mg / kg, 1 of the Dayton service, its antibacterial activity at least 10 days. ④ A erythromycin (clarithromycin): Chlamydia pneumoniae in vitro treatment with lipid drug erythromycin Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and equally effective. (2) sulfa isoxazole (SIZ) the amount of 50 ~ 70 mg / (kg d), at two to four times orally, can be used for treatment of pneumonia chlamydia trachomatis. 3. To support the treatment of serious illness, the longer course, the infirm or malnutrition should lose their blood or plasma, or application of gamma globulin treatment, to enhance the body resistance.

Chlamydia pneumonia Summary

The pathogen known as the Taiwan over the past acute respiratory pathogens, are now renamed as Chlamydia pneumoniae (see 160). Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia psittaci similar, but without antigen. Chlamydia pneumonia caused by respiratory infections in Psittaci with different clinical, epidemiological nothing to do with the birds. May be passed between people breathe in the aerosol dissemination. Chlamydia trachomatis is 3 to 8-year-old baby a common cause of pneumonia, and in more The pneumonia in children and adults is not important reason. The pathogens can be found in 5 percent to 10 percent with community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly, and serious symptoms, the need hospital treatment. The pathogens can also be found in 5 percent to 10 percent of hospital-acquired pneumonia, but few understand its epidemiology .

Pregnant women with chlamydia how to do »

Maternal newborn with the impact of chlamydia If pregnant women are asymptomatic carriers of chlamydia, before delivery without examination and treatment, during childbirth may be producing neonatal infection, the cause of neonatal conjunctivitis or neonatal chlamydia pneumonia. By the middle of neonatal conjunctivitis neonatal infection chlamydia, the most common for conjunctivitis, may be the fastest on the 4th in the post-natal within 7-10 days, as the majority of morbidity, in the maternity hospital difficult to find. Conjunctivitis eye for the most outstanding performance marked face conjunctival redness, eye duo more. If Jianjie Mo taken from the eyes, can be found inclusion or chlamydia DNA, a diagnosis should be treated by a doctor. At present some ideas, have been found in the vagina of chlamydia pregnant women, hospitalized 10 days may be conditional, to help in hospitals found that neonatal conjunctivitis chlamydia. Chlamydia pneumonia and neonatal the middle of neonatal infection chlamydia can affect not only after the conjunctiva, can also spread to pharynx, while the proliferation of chlamydia in the conjunctiva can also be extended to pharynx, in the pharynx to the further spread of chlamydia The cause of neonatal respiratory chlamydia pneumonia. Chlamydia infection by the middle of the newborn, in case of any pneumonia, the majority in only two months after the onset of birth, it is difficult to think of is the middle tract infections. Newborns from infection to disease, there is no general symptoms, Shun ability to milk more weight in the normal development of the increase. Once in about two months after birth, a sudden inability to Shun milk, dry cough, weight stop growing, it is possible the neonatal chlamydia pneumonia, doctors have to ask if they can immediately find and immediate use of antibiotics Chlamydia ( Class erythromycin, can not be used in the treatment of penicillin or Vanguard) treatment, can be quickly restored, do not leave sequels. Whether there should pregnant women vaginal chlamydia as a routine inspection items China is not yet in the majority of pregnant women chlamydia as a routine check, while in developed countries has generally been conducted in China should quickly set up. Pregnant women during pregnancy as a check, should take the initiative to request the presence of chlamydia vaginal examination. In order to avoid early pregnancy abortion should check once or for the prevention of premature newborns by the middle tract infections, pregnancy between 30-32 weeks to check again. To check for at least two, if special circumstances should also increase the frequency of inspection. At present fast and accurate method is an increase of chlamydia DNA, PCR (polymerase chain reaction), general admission as long as vaginal secretion can be found. If no PCR equipment, can also search through the ELISA test antigen. Although the investigation of the antibody also useful, but not suitable for pregnant women on the one hand, the past has been infected with chlamydia, which do not currently carry, but also positive on the other hand, antibodies rather late, waiting for re-confirmed antibody-positive, Have affected early treatment. Therefore, as far as possible the necessary conditions to the hospital for an examination. Chlamydia carry on the treatment of pregnant women Once the inspection was positive chlamydia should be treated immediately to prevent premature abortion. Chlamydia sensitive to more types of drugs, but some drugs (such as tetracycline, wow Connaught ketone) the use of pregnant women taboo. In addition, the pioneer of penicillin and adriamycin on Chlamydia is invalid and should not be used. Currently available and effective drugs for the type of erythromycin, can be used carefully under the guidance of doctors. Must be noted that in the treatment of pregnant women at the same time, the spouse must also treated at the same time, because his wife with chlamydia, the spouse is also difficult to escape. If we do not cure the two sides at the same time, the husband of chlamydia can be passed on to carry pregnant women, like table tennis, like in-between husband and wife came to, can not be cured fundamentally. To Youshengyouyu, once found that pregnant women with chlamydia, the two sides meet, adhere to common medication two weeks, the inspections had chlamydia, can be assured.

Chlamydia pneumonia diagnosis

1. Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in 1975 was the beginning of neonatal chlamydia pneumonia, secondary to his card after Nongxing inclusion. The disease infected more from the mother of eye infection can be transmitted through nasal duct into respiratory tract. Symptoms after birth more than 2 to 12 weeks there, the slow onset, first performance of the upper respiratory tract infection, fever or no more than occasional low heat, and then a cough and shortness of breath, often a small suction-or wet La twist pronunciation, rare Breath and wheezing. Chest film shows extensive bilateral and interstitial pulmonary infiltration, over-inflated levy more common, it is occasionally the leaves change. Peripheral blood white blood cell count normal, eosinophilia. Throat swab from the nose must Guaqu to epithelial cells. Also available direct fluorescent antibody test (DFA), enzyme immunoassay test (EIA) detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen nasopharyngeal specimens. Serological examination of specific antibody diagnostic criteria for the double-serum antibody titers more than four times higher, or IgM> 1:32, IgG> 1:512. PCR technique can also be applied directly detect chlamydia DNA. 2. Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia or from contact with infected poultry in bird droppings, poultry raising, slaughter and sale of the occupational disease. The rare human infection. Pathogens from the secretions and excreta, the carrier can be a long time. Chlamydia psittaci enter the body through the respiratory tract, in single cells within the breeding and release toxins, disseminated by the blood flow to the lungs and body tissue, blood vessels and cause lung sound around the cell infiltration, hilar lymph nodes. The incubation period 6 ~ 14 d, the incidence was a cold-like symptoms, often 38 ~ 40.5 ℃ of fever, cough early for dry cough, after a sputum, difficulty breathing or light or heavy. The relative ease with veins, muscle-ache, chest pain, loss of appetite, occasional nausea and vomiting. Such as systemic infection, a central nervous system symptoms of infection or myocarditis performance, occasionally jaundice. Many liver, splenomegaly, and the need to typhoid fever, sepsis identification. Chest X-ray examination, from the periphery to the hilar, especially lung field down that middle ground glass-like shadow of a shadow-like. Peripheral blood WBC normal, ESR increase in the prevalence of early slightly faster. Pulmonary effusion swallowed up by the cells to be investigated see inclusion of chlamydia. Children with mild fever 3 ~ 7 d gradually retreat. In of 8 ~ ~ 14 d, severe 20 ~ 25 d cooling. After the weakened immune disease, relapse, it is reported relapse rate of 21 percent, then the infection rate of around 10 percent. 3. Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia clinical manifestations of this non-specific, and mycoplasma pneumonia楥similar. Onset ease, long course, the general symptoms of light, accompanied pharynx, laryngitis, and sinusitis characterized. Upper respiratory tract infection symptoms dissipated after a wet and dry La-such as bronchitis and pneumonia. Sustainable cough symptoms more than three weeks. Normal white blood cell count, chest film non-specific, multi-leaf for the unilateral invasion, expressed as segmental pneumonia, severe bilateral pneumonia was extensive. Chlamydia trachomatis pathogen inspection and pneumonia, from the lessons of nasopharyngeal airway or so cell culture, chlamydia pneumoniae positive. Or fluorescent light of Chlamydia pneumoniae specific monoclonal antibodies in the cell culture to identify the Chlamydia pneumoniae. Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA PCR test is more sensitive than culture, but with throat swab samples testing might not ideal, as serological testing Chlamydia pneumoniae specific antibody. Trace immunofluorescence (MIF) test for detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae is the most sensitive. IgM in ≥ 1:16 or IgM antibody titers ≥ 1:512 or more than four times higher, diagnostic value.

Beware of chlamydia pneumonia at the turn of spring

At the turn of winter and spring, respiratory bacteria are active. At this time every year, the incidence of respiratory diseases are higher. Recently, because of a microorganism Chlamydia pneumonia caused by chlamydia cause for concern. Because of its early onset and relatively similar to flu, making many of its own filled with medical treatment, the disease has extended rehabilitation time. Recently, respiratory disease experts in particular drew attention to these diseases. Confined environment to increase the source of the disease Chlamydia pneumonia from the virus than the pathogenic microbes, bacteria smaller than chlamydia, as a eukaryotic cells in the original nuclear parasitic microbes, some of chlamydia have been classified as viruses, through respiratory secretions , Aerosols, direct contact with patients, as well as contact with sick birds or spread. Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital subsidiary lung, director of the Department of Science and doctoral tutor Professor Bai Chunxue told reporters, in general, these pathogenic microorganisms and the formation of the indoor environment closed, the air of the poor. In places with poor ventilation, floating in the air concentration is relatively high, easily generate chlamydia microorganisms. These micro-organisms Chlamydia can lead not only respiratory disease, can lead to urinary system diseases, and so on. Therefore, whether the family or office environment, should the regular window, maintain good ventilation and environmental sanitation. Early symptoms of fever continued As clothing mice with pneumonia and fever, cough, runny nose and other cold symptoms the same, many people in the early stage of treatment are often filled on its own, wasted the best opportunity for treatment of disease. Shanghai Second Medical University Ninth People's Hospital, associate professor of pediatrics director Gu Hongliang, chlamydia pneumonia and influenza is the biggest difference between chlamydia pneumonia and fever a long time. General flu often 35 days will be recovered, and Chlamydia pneumonia-fever time in more than three days, the maximum temperature may reach 40 degrees, but patients are often poor mental state, poor appetite, gastrointestinal disorders, the need to immediately Hospital for medical treatment. Guzhu Ren pointed out that if the children were diagnosed as pneumonia mice clothing, preferably less than or less to public places, can go out wearing masks to avoid infection. On the diet to eat more food Yi Xiaohua, and to increase certain nutritional supplements. Antibiotic treatment is effective Clothing mice against pneumonia treatment, experts believe that a well-targeted antibiotic treatment is very effective, such as azithromycin, erythromycin, but must be full, full of standardized treatment. The prevention of these diseases is not complicated. First, in accordance with a comprehensive respiratory disease prevention and treatment strategies to take measures, such as maintaining living and working environment ventilation, disinfection of indoor air, less staff to a crowded public places, according to the attention of cold weather warm, increasing outdoor Activities, enhance physical fitness, to maintain good personal and environmental hygiene. Professor Bai Chunxue also repeatedly stressed that the isolation source of infection, cutting off communication channels, reduce susceptibility to the crowd and improve their own immunity is particularly important.

Children look up to see how Chinese medicine

When you need to TCM diagnosis and treatment of children, we should actively cooperate with and assist the doctor as soon as possible in the inspection process, that accurate diagnosis, so that rational drug use, which is the key to treatment. Chinese medicine diagnosis is relying on the "four up," that is, looking up, it is consultation, Wenzhen, cut up to check the condition. For parents, should pay attention to things which can be a good doctor with the inspection work of the » Wang infants and young children not attending due to speak, even older children often can not accurately describe conditions Moreover Cunkou vein short, when treatment can not be another very good cooperation with the doctor, crying Luandong affected vein income, look up on it is particularly important . Pediatric history of Chinese medicine physician regarded as a first look up, saying that "the disease in children, will shape the outside." So can look look, Miao obsessed, fingerprints, the two will, to examination visceral disease. 1. Wang look: the observation of the facial expression and colors, parents should let children with facial expression, to maintain natural color. To appease the former treatment of children as much as possible to ease the tension in children's psychological, to enable children in a calm state visit, before attending to their children not to makeup, such as their children vigorous red face, red lips, encroaching Jiadeng, these children will be covered Face the true nature is not conducive to disease inspection. 2. Miao trial obsessed: Review including Wang Head, tongue, mouth, nose, ears, before and after the overcast. Chinese Wang tongue, the tongue fur and depends on Shezhi. In the treatment of infants, children not to eat too hot and too cold and color of food and drinks. 3. Banzhen debate: many diseases in children, measles can be. Treatment of children, parents need to look at whether Zhoushen rash, before the best medical treatment to children wearing soft and easy solution, and good from the clothes to facilitate medical examination. 4. Fingerprint check: Chinese medicine in children under the age of 3 check, fingerprints to see color changes. Children for medical treatment, to small hand wash, waiting at the small hand to maintain clean. 5. Review of it: the children's urine change on disease diagnosis certain sense, especially diarrhea sick child to a doctor, parents should take a fresh stool, to see a doctor and do laboratory for examination. If the urine is not normal, they should bring a bottle of the morning's first urine test checks.

Children look up to see how Chinese medicine

When you need to TCM diagnosis and treatment of children, we should actively cooperate with and assist the doctor as soon as possible in the inspection process, that accurate diagnosis, so that rational drug use, which is the key to treatment. Chinese medicine diagnosis is relying on the "four up," that is, looking up, it is consultation, Wenzhen, cut up to check the condition. For parents, should pay attention to things which can be a good doctor with the inspection work of the » Wang infants and young children not attending due to speak, even older children often can not accurately describe conditions Moreover Cunkou vein short, when treatment can not be another very good cooperation with the doctor, crying Luandong affected vein income, look up on it is particularly important . Pediatric history of Chinese medicine physician regarded as a first look up, saying that "the disease in children, will shape the outside." So can look look, Miao obsessed, fingerprints, the two will, to examination visceral disease. 1. Wang look: the observation of the facial expression and colors, parents should let children with facial expression, to maintain natural color. To appease the former treatment of children as much as possible to ease the tension in children's psychological, to enable children in a calm state visit, before attending to their children not to makeup, such as their children vigorous red face, red lips, encroaching Jiadeng, these children will be covered Face the true nature is not conducive to disease inspection. 2. Miao trial obsessed: Review including Wang Head, tongue, mouth, nose, ears, before and after the overcast. Chinese Wang tongue, the tongue fur and depends on Shezhi. In the treatment of infants, children not to eat too hot and too cold and color of food and drinks. 3. Banzhen debate: many diseases in children, measles can be. Treatment of children, parents need to look at whether Zhoushen rash, before the best medical treatment to children wearing soft and easy solution, and good from the clothes to facilitate medical examination. 4. Fingerprint check: Chinese medicine in children under the age of 3 check, fingerprints to see color changes. Children for medical treatment, to small hand wash, waiting at the small hand to maintain clean. 5. Review of it: the children's urine change on disease diagnosis certain sense, especially diarrhea sick child to a doctor, parents should take a fresh stool, to see a doctor and do laboratory for examination. If the urine is not normal, they should bring a bottle of the morning's first urine test checks.

Children look up in looking to

"-Should be asked as the yin and yang theory": "good consultations, review of other first-Anmo yin and yang, the trial Qingzhuo Erzhi part, depending on breathing, listening to voices of suffering from Erzhi, Erzhi concept of balancing the rules of the Lord." Click Although the appointment of law-statement of major, but especially children with the most appropriate. One look up the diagnosis of paediatric great significance. Have the children look up looking like the following to content. One of the causes of various diseases in children with facial complexion of the relationship To understand the causes of various diseases in children, we must first detailed examination of children with facial complexion. Because his face is 12 by the Federation of places, according to "all in all, will form" the principle of five internal organs in the face, the face from the corresponding five, five colors to be felt. Review pediatric facial complexion of the five internal organs will be able to understand the disease. 5, the head of Tianting the heart, chin angle of kidney and spleen are quasi-nose, Youjia of lung, liver Zuojia is. Green is colored red huangbai black and dirty to be fair, more green liver disease, heart disease and more Chise, Pibing more yellow, white and more lung, kidney and more black. Syndrome to be fair, the most significant green Jingfeng Syndrome; more significant is the large red hot Syndrome; yellow significantly more injured spleen injury is wet fresh injury Syndrome, the most significant white Deficiency-Cold Zheng Syndrome ; Significant number of black pain, but more danger of dioxin. In addition, long-term predecessors in the clinical practice of pediatric facial complexion from the changes can be detected for the new disease and prognosis. Such as gas-gloss, multi-colored clear is the new disease, permits more easily Qinger rule-dark complexion, colored cloud Hui, permits multiple and difficult to cure. However, the sharp sense of Waixie Syndrome, but there is no prejudice Huian, Jiubing the deficit, colors are more critical Jiao-yan. 2 can be used Wuxing Health-Croatian relations to determine the severity of the disease Observation of the facial complexion, but also in accordance with the Five Elements of Health to determine the relationship between grams of the severity of the disease Shunni. General five colored with the Five Elements of Health for Shun, contrary to the five elements of the inverse grams. To Pibing as an example, the spleen in the five elements of earth, it is the normal yellow color, in the course of the disease, see if the red is the symbol of fire immature soil, most with cards, light card, the prognosis is good. Instead, see if the green is the symbol of wood grams of soil, and more for the re-certification, the inverse cards, and more bad prognosis. Other dirty disease, can also use this rationale to inference. Another example is not bad qi and blood, in parts of the health situation, although Waixie help patients, but also easy to treatment, if Jiubing weak qi and blood, and the hue grams, the most upright Buzhi per difficult Su Yu. 3 certification is in the attention from the development trend of the disease Examination in children, not only have to pay attention to now permit, but also pay attention to now permit the development of disease trends. For example Tianting site is now dark green, is about to be Jingfeng Syndrome performance. See most of the red card fever, see the mostly black poor prognosis. See the green parts of the sun, most of Jingfeng Syndrome, if such a green spread to the ears, then a more sinister Syndrome and difficult treatment. Yintang see green the color green will see Diarrhea, with Ti-hot panic disturbing panic diarrhoea card. Chi Mei under the wind, the current gas tank, there are more green Jingfeng. Met with purple and vomiting for more than Shangni card. Also, two of the eyebrow color green, is a disease-free normal color. If Shuangmei see red, then more is Fanre Syndrome. Department of nose-to see the red, spleen, as there is more heat, if the event of a black, and more died of a permit. Red lips, spleen, as there is more heat, the white color is more spleen as a cold. Redness of the left parotid gland, liver, as there is more heat; right redness of the gills, most of Feiretansheng; pulp for the site to see green, most of Jingfeng disease; if there is black, and more are on Chanmian For the seizure of refractory card. 4 Conclusion These are the basic knowledge examination in children, pediatric clinic of the basic links. But for the children dumb Branch, the color look Diagnosis According to the law sometimes, and sometimes it can not, Yibi identify causes of the long trial Miao obsessed, micro-fingerprint, static post-mortem witness, and aware of sound, smell, the four consultation with the Senate, To make a correct diagnosis.

Diarrhea in children look up when, what significance Qiefu

Wang, Wen, asked all collectively referred to as "the four consultation," Chinese medicine is the primary means of disease diagnosis, clinical these four aspects can not be Pianfei, can not be seen in isolation of a connection, it should be four examinations of the Senate and coordinate with each other. However, due to have their children with physical, features, growth, development and disease response to both adults are different, and baby milk will not words, the older children often can not tell condition and the treatment is always crying downtown, the impact of pulse Atmosphere, causing difficulties to the diagnosis, the pediatric medical history are home to look up, Qiefu, and in these areas and has accumulated a wealth of experience, so that means more of dialectical variety. Yuk Sau old money look up Chinese medicine, Qiefu experiences are as follows: diarrhea stool Tang folder with foam, or the color green color Danlv, Changminglulu, intermittent crying, and more for the evil Yun-intestinal, to be used Qufeng drugs; Diarrhea falling into that green stool, water and more, and more to hurt the Piyang; stool with more mucus, for more evil than the very wet, empirical Most of Deficiency Xianci anus if I were not red mixture of cold and heat for more ; Stool with egg patterns, yellow or light yellow color, anus, mouth Danhong more than a spleen deficiency folder Lag; stool at the anal pain, anal cleft lipstick, more than a hot permits partial and not consistent with the overall symptoms, the actual situation is more inclusions The permits do not dilute Pingsu stem-stool, that is, eating a little careless with the stool or abdominal pain dilute Tang Yin Yin, is the spleen deficiency syndrome; abdominal Penglong, after expanding by diarrhoea, according to the hardware and pain, is to call the Shenyang , Is Sizhi, while the bulging belly while the soft, not reduce diarrhoea after the expansion, such as the call of the drum, a gas stagnation; abdominal depression, abdominal relaxation, dry skin, dry lips thirsty, Niaoshao, less-Shehong , For Jinye big injury; spirit Weidun, looking pale and limbs Jueleng, abdominal Au such as boat, diarrhoea dilute the quality instead of foul water, desalination moss white tongue, for Diarrhea-injury. Jinshao text of the old Chinese said: Differentiation to the first re-look up, not only detect expression, symptoms, tongue fur, and so the overall situation, especially anal-color, fold and feces traits, such as partial changes, as the main basis for the diagnosis. Look up his experience as follows: Heat crash: accompanied by fever, looking at Chek red, yellow or white Shehong moss and tired, if the moss thin hot and humid while the lighter, thick, hot and humid heavier. Anus see swelling red color, fold Biancu, such as color Purpurin, fold rough and hard swollen, hot and humid for the heavier signs. The feces of urgency, yellow, or water samples, with mucus, abusive hot gas smell, the color yellow urine Chek short Shibuya. Han crash: each see chills, looking grey, make them apathetic, or thin white tongue fur Baini, Wan abdominal swelling soft; anal fold Chao-viscosity, then under the green or light yellow, light green, with a bubble, its flavor-Xing , Urine-long. Fresh injury crash: that irritability, bad breath Aiqi, nose-with red, Penglong abdominal pain, fever palms, tongue fur Baini or white roughness; Danhong around the anus, light yellow-colored stool, a folder Bu Xiaohua food (or milk block), Weisuan foul. Spleen deficiency crash: that looking white or Wei Huang, Juan Shenpi limb, or slightly swollen limbs, abdominal distention and soft, fat-tongue is Chihen short, thin white tongue coating; slightly swollen anal not red, falling flu; stool Tang thin, With food residue or milk tablets. Second, such as urine meters more for the spleen and stomach Qi Gan; dry skin, looking grey stagnation, spiritual burnout, less-Shehong, anal fold relaxation falling, abdomen sag, abdominal relaxation, feces on line 3 to 5 times, Zhuangru duck Dung, is Jinye big injury; looking white Wuhua, the spirit of extreme fatigue, for a cold sweat, limbs Jueleng, tongue moss white light, such as abdominal Au boat, flexibility disappear, Tuogang No, they dilute the water if not stinky, or short Green folders are residues, compared with less than yang, the spleen and stomach Deficiency-Cold Zheng card. Wang Pengfei old Chinese medicine also caused diarrhea in children under the palate on each part of the color changes to speculate diarrhea actual situation of cold and heat. If the palate before (in front of the palate, the back of incisors), after the palate (located on the palate and around the throat) are dark red, two molars (located on the palate on both sides of the molars) yellow, red, in column (referring to On the palate after the middle of the past to a line) Danbai, as is heat, heat rule when宜用Jianpi benefit distribution Zhixie; such as the palate before the palate after all the pink, two molars, Rubai, in-Rubai, Deficiency-Cold Zheng type, rule-to-date prescription for warming spleen and kidney, gut-Zhixie if diarrhea in children, molars and thick, milky white, that heavy diarrhea, spleen and kidney virtual loss, illness weight. In addition, the ancient physician also on the people, Yintang, etc. The color changes, made a more detailed observation, noted that people in the yellow color is often fresh Tuxie injury, illness heavier black color.

Wu Yu Fu Qi can be scattered and governance diarrhea in children

Compatibility of the use of Chinese medicine into the "Miss Yu casual" Fuqi therapy, dyspepsia, lactose intolerance disease, rotavirus infections and other bacterial infections, increase the number of stool, abdominal discomfort, and other causes diarrhea in infants Have a better effect. "Wu Yu casual" including rutaecarpine, cloves, wood, cinnamon, Cangzhu, gallnut, and other Chinese herbal medicines. Chinese medicine believes that rutaecarpine, clove Xin heat, with the exception of Han Ou Wen stomach; costunolide Weiwen, San stagnation and stomach-wind; hot cinnamon Xin, Tongmai, the prescription for warming; Cangzhu bitter temperature, Jianpi Zaoshi, sweating in width; gallnut Weisuan cold convergence Guse; vinegar also have the effect of convergence Guse. Fuqi combination of these drugs can Tongshen Que Point, a ventilation Zaoshi invigorate the spleen and abdominal distention for lifting the effectiveness of qi and blood, gastrointestinal function to achieve the purpose of medical treatment. Families to use: Drugs: rutaecarpine three grams, 1.5 grams cloves, wood 1.5 grams, Cangzhu three grams, cinnamon three grams, 10 grams gallnut. Methods: a total of more than drug inquiry into Ximo, blending amount of vinegar added for a pasty, Fuyu umbilical, with tape or伤湿止痛膏strict closure fixed, the dressing was changed every two days 1. If there are serious diarrhea symptoms of dehydration, both oral rehydration salts.

Wang fingerprint children

Wang is the fingerprint of the special pediatric diagnosis method, commonly used in the 3-year-old child within. Because of the short clock child care, each more crying when Diagnosis and easy to Qiemo missing the truth, at this time is expected attendance fingerprint. Wen refers to venae (superficial vein) in the Tiger's Mouth to the index finger on the lower three, the last section I, for the Tiger's Mouth, "Commissioner of the wind" (also known as Guan Yin), section II as "gas Guan" (also known as Mao Guan) , For the third quarter, "Commissioner of life" (also known as Guan-chen). Wen to the next issue of clearance for light wind disease, Wen see in the solar terms, the Commissioner for seriously ill and profiling see the Commissioner of life danger for those permits, straight through the three-who for the most danger of the disease. If the sequence of floating, the disease in the table; sequence of Shenyang, then, the disease. It should be noted that in the post-mortem fingerprint, it should be used Dazhi side, three-Qingqingdetui index finger in children, from life to push the wind customs clearance and must not Congfeng customs clearance to life. Normal fingerprint, is more Danhongyinyin, Commissioner of not more than wind. Fingerprint Syndrome, Chinese medicine and more generally as "PM10 points table, cold and heat Purpurin identified, the actual situation with short, three-set level of" sentence. The so-called PM10-table, or fingerprint is shown floating, or floating clock for the card table; if fingerprints ups and downs Yinxian, the equivalent of Shen clock, as in the cards. Identified by color and short lag, the diagnosis of the cold and heat actual situation permits: Sedan such as fingerprints, for more than Deficiency Syndrome, cold syndrome, can be found in the spleen and stomach weak, the sick child malnutrition. Such as red floating Lu, mostly Exogenous cold, can be found at accompanied by fever, Wuhan, cough, runny nose of infectious diseases at the beginning. Fingerprint purplish red-hidden, mostly in the heat, can be found in high fever, cough and asthma of bronchial pneumonia and other diseases. Wen Jing Feng PC-12 can be found at the twitch of a dynamic wind permits. Fingerprint Danqing, more common in virtual wind permits, both Chinese water loss Ou, China's long-long spit, spit violent storms China, spleen deficiency caused liver wind, hand, foot cramps and other symptoms. Pallida color, and more are Xure, can be found at the consumption of chronic diseases such as tuberculosis. If the fingerprint Purple stagnation, pushing the sluggish, slow to return, more common in Tanshi, Sizhi, Yu heat, was seriously ill; heat in the process of sexually transmitted diseases, such as pneumonia, encephalitis, or violent storms spit China, heart and lung failure, Yu blood, hypoxia, fingerprint dark stagnation, Chun She cyanotic.

Bu Xiaohua baby, try pinch of plot

"I do not want injections, I do not want to take medicine!……" Whenever the baby indigestion, anorexia, they cried out that the parents Fannan. But you know, there is a way to let the children do not take medicine and injections can not rehabilitation » This is the massage uphold China's 150-year history on the basis of modern technology and the integration of children with the pinch of plot. This method is the yin and yang, the five elements of Chinese medicine, science and other meridian theory, with children through a bottom-up pinch on the back of the Du Channel, the bladder on the point, to adjust the yin and yang therapeutic purposes. Zheng Jun, director of Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Pediatric said: "The Chinese believe that the overcast abdominal, back to Yang, Du Channel in the back, is in the Yang Yang, pinch Datuk clock can play a role in encouraging the yang. Viscera points in the bladder After, the pinch with the bladder to stimulate acupoints viscera, so pinch plot of the treatment of indigestion, diarrhea, and not the spleen and stomach, slow growth and development are very good results. After years of research and clinical studies confirm that the pinch of plot Children can also improve anemia, increased appetite, strong body. In addition, this method can act on the nervous system, the treatment of children with Yeti. Opposed to Western medicine, pinch plot without injections of medication to alleviate the suffering of the children. " Zhengzhu Ren said that the pinch in children for six days is the plot a course of treatment, each with 10 pinch times are am, because at Melhado yang, the effect Caihao. Under normal circumstances, to March 4 days, anorexia children will have a sense of hunger. Of course, for different patients, pinch plot will be relatively different treatment, the doctor will be in accordance with the child's condition, such as the extent to dilute the stool dry, with scattered internal Feng Xiaoji, external Feng Relieving Blood Stasis Gaodeng comprehensive treatment Law, supplemented with a pinch of practice. In addition, the doctor will be on some child support practices massage therapy. In addition to the digestive system diseases, pinch plot of massage on children with respiratory diseases also have a good effect.

Cracked the secret baby hyperhidrosis

Often have parents with children to pediatric treatment, tell your baby no matter summer or winter, always love sweating. Parents always want to know the reasons for the baby sweating, worried that your baby is sick. Generally, babies than adults love sweating Khan is secreted by the skin of sweat glands, sweat glands that regulate body temperature of human skin structure important one. Children period due to strong metabolism, in peacetime activity, especially infants and young children is greater moisture content of skin, skin surface microvascular more distribution, so evaporation of moisture from the skin is also more. Besides the hot and cold in children's self-regulating capacity is rather poor, even if love is also sweating at night, this is quite normal. Special baby hyperhidrosis, normal or abnormal All babies sweat glands secreting excessive sweating said. Hyperhidrosis baby from the reasons are two-fold: physiological and pathological sweating hyperhidrosis. Normal reasons Most babies hyperhidrosis is a normal, physiological medicine known as hyperhidrosis. As a result of hot summer weather in children hyperhidrosis; infants and young children just fall asleep, head and neck sweating, sleeping on the decrease after Khan; baby games, Paotiao after sweating, general good; winter baby clothes Chuande too much at night Quilt covered in thick, and indoor air-conditioning temperature is too high, making baby overheat, sweat more. Some babies sweating limited to the head of the Department, commonly known as "Zhenglong head", is also physiological sweating, parents have to worry about. The reasons for non-normal As baby certain diseases caused by excessive sweating, performance or quiet evening for a night's sleep after a lot of sweat, sweat wetting can be more pillows, clothing, called the "pathological sweating." Activities such as rickets in infants, children with active TB, children with low blood sugar, eat cooling drug overdose and mental factors, such as over-excitement, fear, and so on. Some babies are endocrine diseases (such as hyperthyroidism, and so on), can cause pathological sweating. Apart from the disease each sweating more, there are a variety of other diseases performance, parents need to bring your baby to the hospital for medical treatment, further to do the inspection. (1) activities of rickets. An infant under the age of hyperhidrosis, the lack of outdoor activities, if not the sun, no time to add cod liver oil, Gaifen, parents should observe the baby apart from hyperhidrosis, are associated with rickets other manifestations, such as the night crying, sleep in a pillow Bian Kubian shaking his head, which appeared Hou Naoshao occipital hair loss laps (see also pillow bald), Table Tennis head (the occipital bone soft, like a palpable sense of touch table tennis), the cranial (head protruding forehead of a square box-shaped) , The former Xin and closed the door, and so on the evening performance. Parents should bring your baby to the hospital to test doctors to the diagnosis. ……>>> Rickets the 11 erroneous viewpoints (2) children with active TB. Babies are often not only Qianban Ye Khan, before dawn Houban Ye also hyperhidrosis, called "night sweats." Weina are poor at the same time, the afternoon low heat (some high fever), faces Chaohong, suffering from weight loss, and some cough, hepatosplenomegaly, swollen lymph nodes and other performance. Often have a history of exposure to tuberculosis, the elderly at home, parents or nannies with tuberculosis. (3) low blood sugar. Hot summer days are often found, the baby sweating, refused to eat at night, woke up early morning make them apathetic. For the sorry performance of children with anxiety, looking pale and a cold sweat, and even sweat Lin Li, chills, and other limbs. (4) pediatric endocrine diseases (such a rare disease caused hyperhidrosis). Such as hyperthyroidism多见children with school-age children, girls and more. Can be expressed as hyperhidrosis, irritable mood, appetite and body weight by hyperthyroidism, flustered, palpitations, and even prominent, and other eye. Obesity baby can easily sweat, Dong Yidong or walk normally take on hyperhidrosis. (5) other children with acute and chronic infectious diseases can also cause sweating. At the same time with other clinical manifestations: such as typhoid fever, sepsis, like rheumatism, connective tissue disease, or blood diseases such as lupus erythematosus. Hyperhidrosis baby, how to care for her mother ● If my mother found baby sweating, it should first find the causes of hyperhidrosis. If this is the physiological hyperhidrosis, mothers do not have to worry too much, remove the outside world as long as the baby hyperhidrosis of the factors leading to it. Hot summer to be the regular window, conditional to use a fan or air conditioning, not to pay attention to the wind blowing directly in front of your baby, especially after the baby fell asleep, the skin pores open, on a Khan, the wind blowing directly to Shouliang. ● attention to your baby's clothes and was covered. We advocate more babies than adults to wear a clothes, baby immunity from childhood training. Some mothers in the winter cold hands Momo children, the children go all out to add clothing, wear several pieces of sweaters also wear Mianao, cotton trousers, covered at several bed quilts. Need to know your baby to wear or cover too much so that the large number of baby sweat, sweat clothes were wet, and not replaced in time, babies with their own body temperature Wu wet and dry clothes, anti-Yi Shou Liang caused by a cold fever and cough. Sweating serious baby, due in excessive loss of water will cause dehydration. ● parents need time to add water to the baby, the best short drip-feeding, because the baby sweating like adults, in addition to loss of moisture, also lost a certain amount of sodium, chlorine, potassium and other electrolytes. Short drip fed to the baby can add water and sodium, chlorine, such as salt, electrolyte balance of the body, to avoid dehydration caused by collapse. ● parents should be promptly wiped away the sweat baby body. Conditional family, should be addressed to the baby wipe bath or shower, timely replacement of underwear, briefs. Delicate baby skin, excessive sweat accumulate in the skin fold at the neck, armpit, groin, etc., can lead to skin fester and cause skin infections. ● baby found hyperhidrosis, whether mothers should be carefully observed with other symptoms, time to go to the hospital treatment, treatment of diseases caused hyperhidrosis. Activities such as infants and young children have rickets and hyperhidrosis, can go to the hospital treatment of oral Gaifen cod liver oil and, more to the sun and other outdoor activities. Summer morning suddenly discovered that children with a sweat, no fever, looking pale and make them apathetic, cold extremities, should consider the possibility of low blood sugar, syrup to feed at home first and then immediately go to the hospital, further treatment. ● Chinese medicine treatment. General medicine can be no separate treatment of babies hyperhidrosis. Can eat or decoction of proprietary Chinese medicines to help antiperspirants. Such as Radix Pseudostellariae 15 grams, 15 grams of astragalus Sunburn, red dates only 6-8, Jiantang oral. Chongfu Astragalus particles granules, not fried. Rickets can have the baby, such as Chongfulongmu Zhuanggu granules.

DVD edema outlined

Past that only because of increased intracranial pressure caused by swelling of the optic disc called the optic disc swelling, inflammation of the optic disc non-obstructive edema, about 80 percent because of intracranial lesions caused by others such as inflammation, trauma, or congenital cranial Can cause deformities, such as orbital. As the name of disk edema and does not reflect the clinical signs and pathology, to the optic disc swelling (Swelling of the optic disc) to replace. Hayern The results do not agree with congestion nipple (optic disc oedema) refers specifically to intracranial hypertension induced by the optic disc edema that caused by other reasons, because they do not have what essentially different.

Edema of the optic disc complications

Try to find causes and treatment. Early brain tumor surgery should be removed. Symptomatic treatment, including hypertonic dehydration agent, as can be ruled out intracranial lesions, diagnosed as vasculitis DVD disk edema, corticosteroids can be achieved good results. On with a severe headache and optic neuropathy, dehydration agent ineffective treatment options decompression or shunt, in particular false brain tumor. Past continuous lumbar puncture, temporal muscle under decompression, the orbital decompression of optic nerve sheath cut, only to relieve the pressure of the moment, are advocating more use of lumbar abdominal points magic. Monitoring their status as functional optional Farnsworth-Munsell 100 color auditions and VEP.

The pathogenesis of disk edema

Intracranial hypertension is generally believed that the cerebrospinal fluid through subarachnoid to the optic nerve conduction intrathecal, the optic nerve caused the hypertension, and destroyed the normal optic nerve axoplasmic transport on which the intraocular pressure and the pressure within the optic nerve between the pressure gradient, the optic nerve sheath Omentum cavity under high pressure, may also lead to the deformation and displacement sieve, sieve also caused the pressure on the optic nerve axon. In addition, the optic nerve axoplasmic transport occurred in the sieve block, causing the axons sieve before the swelling and expansion of the optic disc edema. That is not the main reason for cell edema (swelling or organization glial gap accumulation), but because of the speed of axoplasmic flow two-phase occurred in the sieve block of axoplasmic accumulation of particles produced and compact size-so that the shaft Cable itself swelling. Only a edema in the disk around the optic nerve and intracranial meningeal cavity structure of the existence of a clear, if these meningeal tumor cavity adhesion or obstruction, blocking side will not happen optic disc edema. In the event of disk edema, such as the optic nerve has been shrinking, no edema nerve fibers do not exist in the optic disc swelling, as there are still remnants of a nerve fiber optic disc edema can occur. Unilateral optic disc edema and congenital or acquired partial optic nerve sheath abnormalities may be related to common diseases such as due to local inflammation, ischemic optic neuropathy or orbital was pressure. Also the so-called unilateral, bilateral optic disc is edema of the asymmetry it, simple negligence fundus easy to check.

The cause of optic disc edema

Because the reasons for his disk edema, a total of mechanism is sometimes different, hypertensive encephalopathy can not increased intracranial pressure, but partially due to ischemic optic disc, renin - angiotensin - aldosterone, and so played a major role. As the front of the ischemic disease due to interference as the optic disc blood supply, the pace of axoplasmic flow was caused by blocking. First, increased intracranial pressure * 1. Intracranial lesions (brain tumor, subdural and epidural hematoma, etc.) * 2. Fake brain tumor ⑴ leave primary brain tumor ⑵ secondary (severe head injury, * subarachnoid hemorrhage) 3. Inflammation * ⑴ meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess ⑵ Green - Barre syndrome 4. Uremia 5. Skull stenosis * 6. Cerebral arteriovenous malformations 7. Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with higher CO2 8. Allergic serious brain lesions, such as bee stings 9. Cerebrospinal fluid of the spinal cord with increased tumor Second, the normal pressure 1. Congenital anomalies DVD 2.Leber optic neuropathy 3. Inflammation optic neuropathy ⑴ optic disc Yan ⑵ around the optic nerve inflammation * 4. Ischemic optic neuropathy 5. Toxic optic neuropathy, such as lead poisoning, methanol poisoning, etc. 6. Orbital oppression optic neuropathy (such as thyroid optic neuropathy) 7. Infiltration of optic neuropathy ⑴ leukemia ⑵ lymphoma ⑶ multiple myeloma ⑷ type of hyperlipidemia 8. Partial vascular neuropathy ⑴ malignant hypertension ⑵ central retinal vein occlusion ⑶ venous stasis of the retina diseases (ischemic) ⑷ optic disc vasculitis ⑸ young diabetic optic neuropathy ⑹ hypotony ⑺ vitreous traction ⑻ uveitis 9. Mucopolysaccharide disease

Coronary heart disease is hereditary diseases?

Coronary heart disease is genetic disease, is not a very prescribed concept, but at home and abroad large epidemiological study results showed that the incidence of coronary heart disease have obvious familial. One of the parents suffering from coronary heart disease, its prevalence rate for children with normal parents of two times their parents are suffering from coronary heart disease, its prevalence rate for children of parents four times the normal; if both parents at a young age are suffering from coronary heart disease , His close relatives the chance to get sick five times in this situation without the family. Study the pathogenesis, it is not very clear, and may be related to the following factors: (1) autosomal dominant genetic caused by the family of hyperlipidemia is that these family members susceptible to the disease one of the reasons (2) some Coronary heart disease risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity characteristics, character traits, such as severance-tendency, that is, family members susceptible to the disease can not be ignored important factors (3) the same family in the impact of adverse living habits, such as the common High fat, high-calorie, high-salt diet, smoking parents smoking or passive smoking caused their children's bad habits, etc., can cause coronary heart disease tend to the family. More scholars believe that coronary heart disease has obvious characteristics of the family, a variety of factors is the result. Genetic factors are internal reasons, it only and other risk factors combined, can increase the incidence of coronary heart disease.

The attention of patients with coronary heart disease

As the nutrition supply to the heart blood vessels - in coronary atherosclerosis, the cause of vascular lumen narrow or even close, leading to myocardial ischemia, hypoxia and the impact on heart function, resulting in heart disease called coronary atherosclerosis and Heart disease, referred to as coronary heart disease. Mainly for angina, arrhythmias, heart failure, sudden death may be. ECG, myocardial enzyme determination, radionuclide inspection and coronary angiography to further clarify the diagnosis. Control of blood pressure, blood lipids, weight and smoking cessation can effectively prevent the occurrence of coronary heart disease and development. Patients should be used under the guidance of doctors and anti-angina drugs inhibiting platelet aggregation, if necessary, for coronary angioplasty and the aorta - coronary artery bypass surgery, quite good results. NOTES: 1. Eat animal fat and high cholesterol content of foods such as egg yolks, Yuzi, such as animal offal. Less meat, more fish and soybean products, eat more vegetables and fruits. 2. Fanliang control, weight control. 3. Restrict the intake of salt per day to 10 grams (2 money) following suitable. 4. Hypertension if the physician should take a long time under the guidance of antihypertensive drugs, to maintain normal blood pressure or lower level. 5. Do not smoke, drink restraint. 6. A law of life, avoid excessive tension and emotional fluctuations. Maintain smooth stool, adequate sleep. 7. To do minor sports, such as a tai chi, do Guangbo Cao, such as walking. 8. Standing ease angina drugs, to use at any time. If it has continued to ease pain or medication can not be immediately to the nearest hospital emergency room.

Hemorrhagic newborns and late-life K deficiency.

Hemorrhagic newborn is a result of vitamin K-dependent clotting factor physiological attributable to the decline in the self-limited disease, the normal full-term infants after birth in more than two to five days disease, premature infants can be extended to two to three weeks disease, bleeding site多见to digestive tract. Hemorrhagic neonatal morbidity due to the lack of neonatal vitamin K, so that clotting factor Ⅱ, Ⅶ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ (the clotting factor necessary for the synthesis of vitamin K participation, also known as vitamin K-dependent factor) in less than a full liver , Thus leading to bleeding. Cause of neonatal vitamin K deficiency of the reasons: ⑴ from normal food in addition to direct access to vitamin K, the intestinal bacteria can be part of, but the newborn at the time of birth, no intestinal bacteria, so little synthesis of vitamin K; ⑵ vitamin K And rely on the absorption of bile, but especially the newborn premature infants bile acid in low and affected the absorption of vitamin K; ⑶ Chinai newborn infants less than in breast milk and low content of vitamin K (vitamin K content in breast milk for 15 μ g / L, milk for 60 μ g / L). Hemorrhagic newborns for the majority of cases of gastrointestinal bleeding, or performance to vomit blood samples of coffee, black or Taibiandaixue it, followed by skin, umbilical hemorrhage. It is worth noting that, where the regular hospital births are generally routine preventive injection of vitamin K, so in fact the incidence of this disease is not very high, for the main measures is also injection of vitamin K. Late vitamin K deficiency more common in birth after 1 to 2 months of exclusive breastfeeding of infants, exclusive breastfeeding to vitamin K intake is insufficient main reason for the incidence and impact of diarrhea vitamin K absorption and use of antibiotics, sulfa drugs inhibit Gastrointestinal normal flora, a decrease of vitamin K in the gut of the incentives is often. Late vitamin K deficiency Changbiaoxianwei acute cerebral hemorrhage, children looking pale and irritable crying, convulsions, consciousness unclear, dangerous conditions, poor prognosis. So some people advocate of March within the breast-feeding babies, especially diarrhea or frequent use of antibiotics to a monthly injection of vitamin K, to prevent the onset of the disease.

Newborns to the differential diagnosis of hyperlipidemia

With the newborn within one week after birth due to other reasons for the bleeding of identification: (1) gastrointestinal bleeding: should swallow syndrome, congenital peptic ulcers, gastrointestinal infection and deformities, such as identification. Pharyngeal syndrome is the birth mother, Yan Xia, the production of blood, blood, such as amniotic fluid, the Health and occurred shortly after vomiting, a brown vomit, may have blood in the stool, but little blood, gastric lavage after antiemetic , Non-clotting mechanisms obstacles. In addition, the base degeneration test can be used to identify maternal and infant blood, blood children with fetal hemoglobin (strong anti-alkaline), the maternal blood containing adult hemoglobin (anti-alkaline weak). From vomit diluted with water, rotating from suspension after five, plus 1% sodium hydroxide 1, 1 to 2 minutes after the observation, brown for maternal, infant red for the blood. Early congenital peptic ulcer and gastric perforation, necrotizing enterocolitis at the same time gastric involvement, may have vomited up blood, blood in the stool; labor in the suffocation caused by hypoxia acute stress ulcer, a lot can vomit blood, blood in the stool, these diseases are No blood coagulation mechanisms obstacles. (2)-traumatic bleeding: the birth occurred in the first open position, after health, but with this disease often causal relationship, or existence, mutual heavier condition. (3) congenital ITP: one week after birth in internal bleeding, but significant reduction in platelets. (4) other congenital or acquired coagulation disorder: ① other congenital lack of clotting factor fibrinogen and congenital deficiency, are life-long disease, through blood transfusion although improved, still relapse, confirmed the need to rely on specific coagulation Inspection, and this is of a temporary, once cured, no recurrence. ② all kinds of infection, scleredema, pulmonary hemorrhage, can disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by bleeding, were acquired in the incidence of bleeding before have there, bleeding occurred rather late, and the disease early in the new-born, natural Bleeding different. (5) Other: hemorrhage such as umbilical cord and should not bear ligation, umbilical granulomas, such as infection or bleeding caused by differential. Vaginal bleeding with fake menstrual identification. Rare hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia occurred in the early neonatal bleeding.

To the prevention of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

Hemorrhagic重在neonatal prevention, medical staff should vigorously strengthen propaganda and education of women during pregnancy, stressed the benefits of breastfeeding for infants, pregnant mother to remind the possibility of neonatal hemorrhagic disease. Many diseases are because people do not have enough understanding of it, delayed the timing of treatment and lead to serious consequences. Now, hospitals and health departments to promote breastfeeding, but we must not overlook the existence of this problem, that is, exclusive breastfeeding of children with vitamin K deficiency obvious. From this we would like once again to warn other parents: as long as the newborn hemorrhagic disease prevention and is entirely avoidable. First of all, is the third trimester for women to take vitamin K. Existing people stand pregnant mother 37 weeks after the start of oral vitamin K10 mg once a day; after production to once a week, at doses of 10 mg, until 12 weeks. Birth when a vitamin K10 mg intramuscular injection can play a preventive role, or at the time of birth of oral vitamin K2 mg, 5 mg a week when the clothes, January 5 cents to clothes to prevent haemorrhagic disease. Premature infants after birth conventional application of vitamin K5 mg 1-3 days. If there bleeding in children, parents must immediately bring children with timely medical treatment. General intramuscular injection of vitamin K15-10 mg to. If the amount of bleeding more serious condition, consideration should be sent to the hospital for treatment of blood transfusion, blood transfusion of new blood as much as possible, this would add more conducive to clotting factor, at the same time to correct anemia.

Neonatal asphyxia Summary

Asphyxia (asphyxia) perinatal newborn is the most common symptoms and the leading cause of death. Although in recent years to improve methods of recovery, but it was not enough universal. Prevention and standardization of operation to be strengthened.

The treatment of neonatal asphyxia

The treatment of neonatal asphyxia, should be the clock to alleviate the damage to the organ. Therefore, paediatrics, obstetrics and anaesthesia should be closely combined master cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques. For each of the steps to achieve an effective purpose. Recovery is to: ① possible removal of respiratory mucus. ② increase ventilation to ensure oxygen supply. ③ ensure there is sufficient volume to the stroke. ④ correct acid poisoning. ⑤ Precautionary to reduce oxygen consumption. (-) Mild asphyxia Warm, lessons mouth, nose, throat and mucous secretion. Pat foot or a finger along the spine from top to bottom friction, but not excessive force. General nasal catheter and oxygen masks. The above treatment, has not yet been established if the two minutes breathing, heart rate <100>

The diagnosis of neonatal asphyxia

Mainly through the history of diagnosis and clinical performance. In recent years taken on the fetal monitoring fetal heart rate and fetal scalp pH of the capillaries (normal fetal scalp blood pH value of 7.25 minimum, if the pH <7.15>

Neonatal asphyxia secondary inspection

Laboratory Blood gas analysis shows respiratory acidosis or metabolic acidosis. When the fetal scalp blood pH ≤ 7.25 at the tips of serious fetal hypoxia levy, to be prepared to various rescue measures. Should be measured several times after the birth pH, PaCO2 and Pa02, for the application of alkaline solution and the basis for the oxygen supply. Under the condition needs can be selective measuring blood sugar, blood sodium, potassium and calcium. X-ray examination Chest X-ray can be expressed as marginal unclear, ranging from the size of the spot-like shadow, and sometimes that some or all of atelectasis, focal emphysema, pneumonia-like changes and pleural effusion, and so visible. ECG PR interval prolongation, QRS wave widened, to reduce volatility, T-rise, ST of the decline.

The pathophysiological neonatal asphyxia

Constant newborn monkeys for acute hypoxic experiments, observe the pathophysiology of change and human performance similar to newborns. The first stage Ⅰ (over-breathing period): hypoxia early respiratory activities to strengthen, deepen speed up breathing, heart rate increased slightly faster, blood pressure increase with mild respiratory acidosis, blood pH> 7.25, continuing a ~ 2 minutes. No. Ⅱ (primary apnea period): apnea, to stimulate a response, heart rate, muscle tension is still good, a metabolic acidosis, blood pH 7.25 ~ 7.0. Although at this time respiratory suppression, but can be overcome, sustained about 1 to 2 minutes. The first stage Ⅲ (breathing period): deep breathing without rules, heart rate, acid poisoning, blood pH 7.20 ~ 7.0, peripheral vascular contraction, lower blood pressure, myocardial ischemia, pale skin, muscle tension increased, sustained five to six minutes . The first stage Ⅳ (2nd apnea): cessation of breathing, heart rate decreased, 60 / min, blood pressure dropped, pale skin, muscle tension low blood pH <7.0,>

Cause of neonatal asphyxia

[Causes] Where can reduce the oxygen concentration of any factors can cause suffocation. Neonatal asphyxia and the fetus in the womb environment and the delivery process closely related. If hypoxia in the production process, fetal blood stimulation of carbon dioxide in the respiratory center, resulting in a strong early action respiratory and throat sphincter and loss of barrier function inhaled a lot of amniotic fluid, causing suffocation at the middle or delivered to the neonatal asphyxia. Such as fetal respiratory center has been paralysis, then delivered a newborn that is not breathing. Neonatal asphyxia caused the mother factors are pregnancy-induced hypertension, threatened son, son, acute blood loss, severe anemia, heart disease, acute infectious diseases, tuberculosis, blood oxygen content to reduce the mother and fetus impact of multiple births, polyhydramnios So that the excessive expansion of the uterus or the placenta early peeling, placenta previa, the placenta functions, are less than the impact of placental blood circulation; umbilical cord around the neck, knotting or prolapsed umbilical cord blood will flow interruption; labor extension, production of abnormal amniotic early break , Not the first basin, producing all kinds of surgery such as forceps, improper handling of the Rotary and the application of anesthesia, analgesia, such as inappropriate drug oxytocin can cause neonatal asphyxia; neonatal airway obstruction, intracranial bleeding, lung development immature, Serious central nervous system, cardiovascular system, such as diaphragmatic hernia deformity and can also lead to the newborn after birth asphyxia.

Neonatal asphyxia Summary

Asphyxia (asphyxia) perinatal newborn is the most common symptoms and the leading cause of death. Although in recent years to improve methods of recovery, but it was not enough universal. Prevention and standardization of operation to be strengthened.

The cause of neonatal asphyxia

Neonatal asphyxia due to hypoxia is that newborns in fetal distress and delivered from the process of respiration and circulation obstacles, in one minute after birth, there is no delay in breathing independently, but the heart is still there. Newborn asphyxia is the most common diseases, neonatal death and disability is also the main reason. Cause Neonatal asphyxia is the essence of hypoxia. Where impact of maternal and fetal blood circulation and the reasons for the gas exchange would cause fetal hypoxia. (A) of maternal and fetal blood gas exchange between the obstacles ① blocked blood flow: If the umbilical cord prolapse, around neck, knotting, oppression, reversing the result of fetal blood supply or inadequate blood supply disruption caused by the lack of oxygen, which inhibited the hub of suffocation occurred. ② placenta gas exchange obstacles: If the placenta dysfunction, placenta previa, the placenta early peeling, such as low placenta. ③ the maternal side of the placenta perfusion inadequate: If pregnancy-induced hypertension, bleeding, severe anemia, shock and chronic heart, lung, kidney disease or the use of anesthesia during childbirth, sedative drugs. (B) process abnormal delivery ① fetal head too large or too small pelvis mother, fetal position unrighteousness, radical production, labor extension, a strong contractions or forceps delivery and so can inhibit the respiratory center. ② middle diaphragm paralysis caused injury, pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema, thoracic duct tear caused by suffocation, and other chylothorax. ③ fetus after birth canal when inhaled amniotic fluid or blood, so that airway obstruction caused by suffocation. (C) the disease itself fetus Respiratory, cardiovascular congenital malformation, neonatal hemolytic disease, severe anemia, metabolic and electrolyte disturbance and hyaline membrane disease, severe infections, can cause suffocation.

Neonatal asphyxia popular features

[Incidence and mortality rates - except for the protection of pregnancy, maternity, newborn closely related to the quality of treatment, and also pregnant women receive is directly related to the object, such as teaching hospitals, three hospitals incurable diseases, the incidence can be as high as 10% More generally in about 5%. Mortality rate of about 2.3 percent to 12.7 percent range. 1986.10 to 1987.9 Beijing 50 hospitals in the suffocation death of newborn 26.2 percent. According to Shanghai the first maternal and infant health centres in 35 live births, 1,015 cases of neonatal deaths autopsy results, choked to death due to the 16.6 per cent. Prenatal, died of asphyxia middle of the 1697 cases of perinatal autopsy of 44.5 percent.

Cause of neonatal asphyxia

[Causes] Where can reduce the oxygen concentration of any factors can cause suffocation. Neonatal asphyxia and the fetus in the womb environment and the delivery process closely related. If hypoxia in the production process, fetal blood stimulation of carbon dioxide in the respiratory center, resulting in a strong early action respiratory and throat sphincter and loss of barrier function inhaled a lot of amniotic fluid, causing suffocation at the middle or delivered to the neonatal asphyxia. Such as fetal respiratory center has been paralysis, then delivered a newborn that is not breathing. Neonatal asphyxia caused the mother factors are pregnancy-induced hypertension, threatened son, son, acute blood loss, severe anemia, heart disease, acute infectious diseases, tuberculosis, blood oxygen content to reduce the mother and fetus impact of multiple births, polyhydramnios So that the excessive expansion of the uterus or the placenta early peeling, placenta previa, the placenta functions, are less than the impact of placental blood circulation; umbilical cord around the neck, knotting or prolapsed umbilical cord blood will flow interruption; labor extension, production of abnormal amniotic early break , Not the first basin, producing all kinds of surgery such as forceps, improper handling of the Rotary and the application of anesthesia, analgesia, such as inappropriate drug oxytocin can cause neonatal asphyxia; neonatal airway obstruction, intracranial bleeding, lung development immature, Serious central nervous system, cardiovascular system, such as diaphragmatic hernia deformity and can also lead to the newborn after birth asphyxia.

Obstructive nephropathy status of the development

In recent years, with gradual ageing of the population, the incidence of obstructive nephropathy has also shown an increasing trend year by year, so a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease in order to better grasp of effective treatment and delay the progress of the disease have been increasing in today's kidney A high degree of attention in academic circles. Obstructive nephropathy (Obstructive nephropathy) is due to urinary tract structure and / or function, hampered from the urine and eventually lead to renal failure of a disease. According to American Association of Kidney disease incidence of the disease in the male urinary tract diseases ranked fourth in the women's sixth largest, by the obstructive nephropathy caused by renal failure of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) 2% . The age of onset of a double feature of children and the elderly, high, low-adults. In the incidence of children with congenital deformities common urinary system, such as congenital bladder neck spasms, bladder ureteral reflux, ureteropelvic deformities, kidney and other vascular malformation. Urinary tract stones while adults Most of the elderly patients again mostly male, with the crowd in this disease and prostate cancer incidence rate was higher on. In recent years, with gradual ageing of the population, the incidence of obstructive nephropathy has also shown an increasing trend year by year, so a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease in order to better grasp of effective treatment and delay the progress of the disease have been increasing in today's kidney A high degree of attention in academic circles.

Cholecystitis postoperative complications

Although cholecystectomy is a relatively safe operation, but because the liver, gallbladder and bile duct system more artery of the variance in acute cholecystitis, edema, or congestive due to a recurrent inflammation of the dense adhesions, with some doctors Lack of experience, it appears the operation of the accident are also non-rare. Now in operation may arise in the accident and deal with summarized as follows: (1) of bleeding in the accident. Bleeding may have the following circumstances: ① cystic artery bleeding. The reason for the operation may damage or artery ligation cystic artery ligation cut off the line after the loss. ② gallbladder bed of abnormal bleeding. Most of the reasons for liver dysfunction clotting mechanisms are affected, or the separation of the Department of the gallbladder, the liver caused by excessive surface damage. ③ vein bleeding around the common bile duct. In cirrhosis, portal hypertension patients, often around the common bile duct and expansion of the vein, when the separation of the gallbladder, the vein can cause injury and bleeding. Prevention is to: preoperative should be emphasized that a comprehensive check to see liver function and blood coagulation, in the operation should be careful of, not the blind pursuit of speed of operation, in the event of bleeding, should be dealt with calmly and avoid circumstances in Mangluan brutally clamp Bulk and suture, so as to avoid the bile duct injury, the gallbladder artery bleeding, with his left index finger can be passed on the omentum hole, with the thumb and index finger control hepatic artery and portal, net absorption bleeding thumb and index finger to relax See the cystic artery bleeding, followed by bending bleeding clamp clamp to stop bleeding, twice ligation or look under the suture. (2) bile duct injury. In cholecystectomy in the common bile duct and liver damage in charge of the incidence of about 2%. Because of injury and the reasons for the different degrees of damage caused by the consequences of different, completely cut off ligation can cause acute bile duct obstruction, after emerging obstructive jaundice. Partially or completely cut off, or not to suture ligation operation can be a bile peritonitis, formed after the drainage of bile leakage. Biliary duct of the suture can lead to narrow and cholangitis. Irrespective of the above-mentioned case, the consequences are serious, treatment is difficult. Therefore, in the gallbladder surgery, especially in the handling of the gallbladder, clearly identify and properly handle the stump of the gallbladder, in the separation of the Department of the gallbladder to prevent injury when right hepatic duct and liver mains, do a good job cholecystectomy is the key If a high degree of vigilance, coupled with a meticulous surgery operation, the vast majority of bile duct injury can be avoided. (3) gastrointestinal damage. Gallbladder surgery or acute cholecystitis and adhesions around the heavier, in the process of separation gallbladder easy to damage the colon, duodenal or gastric antrum, if only pulp muscle injury, can use thin wire suture repair, or if they have Into the lumen, it should be layered suture.

Polymyositis and dermatomyositis would not have lung damage

As early as 1956 foreign discovered polymyositis and dermatomyositis with interstitial lung changes. The disease can be complicated by interstitial lung disease occurred in all age groups; more common in women aged 20 to 40; clinical performance as interstitial lung disease can be acute or chronic. Lung disease and myasthenia gravis There was no correlation between the degree. Acute-type performance as acute fever, breathing difficulties, dry cough, cyanosis, and then respiratory failure and poor prognosis. Chronic onset of misprision of slow progress, the patient may appear to respiratory difficulties, dry cough and easy to secondary infection, and a small amount of blood, 10. Early signs of lung disease often not obvious, X-ray inspection of 5% to 10% of the patients have pulmonary inflammation, interstitial pneumonia, lung fibrosis, and so on. Pulmonary function tests showed that lung function decline, such as reduced lung capacity. Lung biopsy, high-resolution CT scan will help early diagnosis of lung diseases. The current study found that patients with interstitial Fei Ji, polymyositis and dermatomyositis patients 50 percent to 70 percent of J0-1 antibody positive. Because lung damage seriously affect the quality of life and prognosis of patients and those with poor prognosis lung infection, the polymyositis and dermatomyositis patients should pay attention to the treatment of pulmonary diseases, the prevention of respiratory tract infection.