Turbid urine chyluria is characterized as milk, or like swill, milk one, hence the name. Chyluria age of 30 to 60 years is the highest. Chinese medicine called "cream cream," "Urine turbid."
Etiology of chyluria, currently considered to be thoracic duct obstruction, inflammation of the local lymphatic damage caused by the kinetic changes of lymph, lymph into the urinary tract, the occurrence of chyluria. Another part of the blood of filariasis patients with plaque's outbreak, as access to lymphatic filariasis, resulting from lymphatic damage.
Chyluria higher recurrence rate, according to reports is generally 20% to 30% of its reasons for the recurrence of overwork, alcohol, into the high-fat meal, cold and fever, Taiqian postpartum and so on. Experience has shown that rural busy season (tired), before and after the season (fatty meal) relapsed more.
The treatment of chyluria, in the past with 10% silver nitrate solution for renal pelvic perfusion, have some effect, but easy to relapse. Operative treatment of renal lymphatic vessels is cut off separation surgery, or renal and lumbar lymphatic lymphoid stem anastomosis, saphenous vein anastomosis with the inguinal lymph nodes, etc., have recurrence after surgery, and is more complicated.
Chyluria etiology, in medicine that is closely related with the spleen and two dirty. Spleen biochemical source of the kidney is the hidden essence. Spleen is to transport and have no right, kidney deficiency is loss of possession of the Secretary for closure that may cause subtle discharged, voicing regardless, under the bladder, so urine turbidity, such as milk or if the grease. Therefore, the cause of chyluria with Spleen subsidence, the gas shortage, damp, kidney yin deficiency. "Danxi Heart" says: "lack of real dollars, the next focus Deficiency, whitish urine, condensate, such as cream paste." "Medical Heart of Understanding", saying: "muddy because there are two kinds of kidney failure from the essence of a streamer ; one by the heat into the bladder, kidney qi deficiency, kidney and will be among the benefits of water. covered by the two orifices of renal, female awakened awakened to open the sperm is also closed. hot and humid, moisture will and understanding among, mulch Wang is able to wins wet, the soil Jianning, the water from the clear also. "basic approach is the treatment of chyluria Buzhongyiqi, heat and dampness, spleen and kidney. In the differentiation, the early implementation of the main heat standard; spleen deficiency disease for a long time, the late inclusion for the actual situation with each other.
Friday, November 19, 2010
Hydronephrosis
Obstruction of the urinary system, renal pelvis and calyces result in the expansion, in which retention of urine, referred to as hydronephrosis. Because the accumulation of urine in kidney, the pressure increases, so expansion of the renal pelvis and calyces and renal parenchymal atrophy. Retention of urine, such as infection, is known as infectious hydronephrosis; when the kidneys lose their function due to infection and necrosis, renal pelvis is full of pus, known as empyema, or pus kidney kidney. The main cause of hydronephrosis is the cause of ureteropelvic junction obstruction.
Clinical manifestations:
Adjacent to the urinary system and its various diseases caused by urinary obstruction, and ultimately can cause hydronephrosis. As a result of obstruction of the original disease, location and extent of the differences in the different clinical manifestations of patients with hydronephrosis and the process is not consistent. Congenital lesions, such as ureteropelvic junction stenosis, renal vascular or lower pole ectopic ureter and other fiber bundles caused by compression of hydronephrosis, the development is relatively slow, long-term no obvious symptoms, when a certain volume of abdominal mass. Ministries of urinary stones, cancer, inflammation and tuberculosis caused by hydronephrosis secondary to clinical manifestations were primary signs and symptoms, the disease rarely show hydronephrosis, as is often the incidence of complete obstruction abrupt, such as renal and ureteral stones and renal colic when incarcerated before they were discovered. Hydronephrosis secondary to infection, the disease usually presents symptoms of the original increase.
Hydronephrosis was intermittent episodes sometimes called intermittent hydronephrosis. Severe attack of ipsilateral abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, decreased urine output; by several hours or longer, the pain disappeared, and then emit large amounts of urine. This situation prevalent in the ureteral obstruction.
Long hydronephrosis caused by obstruction, will eventually lead to renal function decline. Bilateral renal or complete obstruction of solitary kidney anuria can occur, resulting in renal failure.
Need to mention that during normal pregnancy are often mild kidney, hydroureter. In addition to pregnancy outside the uterus ureteral compression is due to the secretion of progesterone during pregnancy causes renal pelvis and ureter due to muscle relaxation. The hydronephrosis is a physiological state, because almost all the anatomical relationship between the right place.
Diagnosis:
Should first determine the existence of hydronephrosis, and then identify the cause of hydronephrosis, lesion location, extent, with or without infection and renal damage. The differential diagnosis of abdominal masses should be noted that there is the possibility of hydronephrosis. Hydronephrosis can be inconsistent mass tension, such as the mass of the tension is low or when the soft-hard when there are fluctuations in a sense, the very possibility of hydronephrosis. Some secondary hydronephrosis, the primary disease, the symptoms are significant, such as tuberculosis, cancer and so easy to overlook the presence of hydronephrosis. Adjacent to the urinary system diseases and renal urinary obstruction caused by water, are often not diagnosed in time, and even to kidney failure or no urine was found until the time. Laboratory tests should include blood tests to see whether the azotemia, acidosis and electrolyte disturbances. Urine, in addition to routine examination and culture for the outside, if necessary, take the line of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and cytology examination.
Hydronephrosis
Clinical manifestations:
Adjacent to the urinary system and its various diseases caused by urinary obstruction, and ultimately can cause hydronephrosis. As a result of obstruction of the original disease, location and extent of the differences in the different clinical manifestations of patients with hydronephrosis and the process is not consistent. Congenital lesions, such as ureteropelvic junction stenosis, renal vascular or lower pole ectopic ureter and other fiber bundles caused by compression of hydronephrosis, the development is relatively slow, long-term no obvious symptoms, when a certain volume of abdominal mass. Ministries of urinary stones, cancer, inflammation and tuberculosis caused by hydronephrosis secondary to clinical manifestations were primary signs and symptoms, the disease rarely show hydronephrosis, as is often the incidence of complete obstruction abrupt, such as renal and ureteral stones and renal colic when incarcerated before they were discovered. Hydronephrosis secondary to infection, the disease usually presents symptoms of the original increase.
Hydronephrosis was intermittent episodes sometimes called intermittent hydronephrosis. Severe attack of ipsilateral abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, decreased urine output; by several hours or longer, the pain disappeared, and then emit large amounts of urine. This situation prevalent in the ureteral obstruction.
Long hydronephrosis caused by obstruction, will eventually lead to renal function decline. Bilateral renal or complete obstruction of solitary kidney anuria can occur, resulting in renal failure.
Need to mention that during normal pregnancy are often mild kidney, hydroureter. In addition to pregnancy outside the uterus ureteral compression is due to the secretion of progesterone during pregnancy causes renal pelvis and ureter due to muscle relaxation. The hydronephrosis is a physiological state, because almost all the anatomical relationship between the right place.
Diagnosis:
Should first determine the existence of hydronephrosis, and then identify the cause of hydronephrosis, lesion location, extent, with or without infection and renal damage. The differential diagnosis of abdominal masses should be noted that there is the possibility of hydronephrosis. Hydronephrosis can be inconsistent mass tension, such as the mass of the tension is low or when the soft-hard when there are fluctuations in a sense, the very possibility of hydronephrosis. Some secondary hydronephrosis, the primary disease, the symptoms are significant, such as tuberculosis, cancer and so easy to overlook the presence of hydronephrosis. Adjacent to the urinary system diseases and renal urinary obstruction caused by water, are often not diagnosed in time, and even to kidney failure or no urine was found until the time. Laboratory tests should include blood tests to see whether the azotemia, acidosis and electrolyte disturbances. Urine, in addition to routine examination and culture for the outside, if necessary, take the line of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and cytology examination.
Hydronephrosis
Sunday, August 8, 2010
Why drink more and more diabetes in urine?
Diabetic patients only concerned about "food" and "medicine", but ignoring "physiological effects of drinking water" and "water science" is more prevalent. It can be said with diabetes and their families (including some doctors included) are mostly water, blind, or there are many misunderstandings of drinking water.
In fact, diabetes polyuria and polydipsia is a causal relationship. Polyuria is more reason to drink more drink is the result of polyuria. Diabetic patients is not "drink too much, had urine", but "too much of urine, had to drink." Many diabetics use to drink less oliguria and methods, this is the wrong ideas and practices. Polyuria is diabetes self-protection response. When the blood sugar of diabetic patients, the body in order to protect themselves, have excess sugar through the urine, the resulting high blood sugar were significantly increased urine output. Volume increases will inevitably lead to significant loss of body water to form a body "dehydration" of pathology. Body dehydration, through physical conditioning will be thirsty.
Diabetic patients are not unduly limit the water, because high blood sugar in diabetics with hyperosmolar diuretic effect, so diabetic patients are due to polyuria and deliberately limited the water, this may cause the blood concentration in the blood of metabolic waste can not be discharged, may cause diabetes ketosis acid poisoning, or even hyperosmolar diabetic coma, in addition to dehydration will damage the nervous system. Therefore recommended that diabetes should drink before going to bed at about 200 to 400 ml warm water.
Metabolic syndrome, also known as sugar diabetes. Metabolism is the fundamental basis of life of all organisms. Metabolism is mainly carried out in the cell, the process of metabolism of the human body is essentially a series of complex, interrelated biophysical and biochemical reactions. All biochemical reactions are without water, no water, no chemical reaction, metabolism stops, life stops.
Digestion and absorption of nutrients are in the enzyme involved in completion. Made up of protein enzymes, amino acids and water by the hydrogen bond formed to provide multi-dimensional space structure to dynamic. After the water activity will reduce the impact of abnormal activity of various enzymes and enzyme abnormalities. Once the enzyme activity decreased or abnormal metabolism of a variety of nutritional abnormalities occur. Nutrition metabolism abnormality or disorder, there will be barriers to different symptoms of metabolic disease nutrition.
Once the water shortage will lead to imbalance of body water, body water can trigger metabolic abnormalities, the body of water shortage is that many chronic diseases and causes of diabetic complications.
1. Induced coronary artery disease
Insufficient replenishment will lead to blood concentration, circulation delay, cardiac insufficiency, can cause angina, myocardial infarction.
In fact, diabetes polyuria and polydipsia is a causal relationship. Polyuria is more reason to drink more drink is the result of polyuria. Diabetic patients is not "drink too much, had urine", but "too much of urine, had to drink." Many diabetics use to drink less oliguria and methods, this is the wrong ideas and practices. Polyuria is diabetes self-protection response. When the blood sugar of diabetic patients, the body in order to protect themselves, have excess sugar through the urine, the resulting high blood sugar were significantly increased urine output. Volume increases will inevitably lead to significant loss of body water to form a body "dehydration" of pathology. Body dehydration, through physical conditioning will be thirsty.
Diabetic patients are not unduly limit the water, because high blood sugar in diabetics with hyperosmolar diuretic effect, so diabetic patients are due to polyuria and deliberately limited the water, this may cause the blood concentration in the blood of metabolic waste can not be discharged, may cause diabetes ketosis acid poisoning, or even hyperosmolar diabetic coma, in addition to dehydration will damage the nervous system. Therefore recommended that diabetes should drink before going to bed at about 200 to 400 ml warm water.
Metabolic syndrome, also known as sugar diabetes. Metabolism is the fundamental basis of life of all organisms. Metabolism is mainly carried out in the cell, the process of metabolism of the human body is essentially a series of complex, interrelated biophysical and biochemical reactions. All biochemical reactions are without water, no water, no chemical reaction, metabolism stops, life stops.
Digestion and absorption of nutrients are in the enzyme involved in completion. Made up of protein enzymes, amino acids and water by the hydrogen bond formed to provide multi-dimensional space structure to dynamic. After the water activity will reduce the impact of abnormal activity of various enzymes and enzyme abnormalities. Once the enzyme activity decreased or abnormal metabolism of a variety of nutritional abnormalities occur. Nutrition metabolism abnormality or disorder, there will be barriers to different symptoms of metabolic disease nutrition.
Once the water shortage will lead to imbalance of body water, body water can trigger metabolic abnormalities, the body of water shortage is that many chronic diseases and causes of diabetic complications.
1. Induced coronary artery disease
Insufficient replenishment will lead to blood concentration, circulation delay, cardiac insufficiency, can cause angina, myocardial infarction.
High incidence of urinary tract stones Khan is the main reason many oliguria
Urolithiasis is high season, one of the most common urological disease. According to the Third Hospital of Changsha, Professor of Urology Director of the Southern small, due to continuous high temperature, to hospital for treatment of urinary tract stones increased significantly.
Expert analysis, sweating drink plenty of water is the main cause of less. In addition, the body of metabolic disorders, urinary tract obstruction, infection, drug use, etc., are also common causes of stone formation. The high incidence of urinary tract stones in summer, Khan is the main reason many oliguria. Hot summer weather, the body sweat more, especially in outdoor activities or work, if not pay attention to complement the loss of body water, resulting in the formation of urinary stones was super-saturated salt crystal, crystal deposition in urine, can lead to urinary Road stone.
The incidence of urinary tract stones are distinctive features: there is a strong waist pain, even pain, people can not afford the body upright. Even after the pain, no feeling back to normal, should consult a doctor immediately. Some urinary tract stones accompanied by hematuria, it is because into the narrow ureter stones, were a creep, so that the friction to a ureteral stone wall, will produce hematuria.
Although this high incidence of the disease is seasonal, but as long as preventive measures, can reduce the probability of illness. The easiest way is to drink plenty of water, drank at least 2000 ml, the equivalent of 6 to 8 glasses of water. The stones were also to ensure adequate urine output, in general, as far as possible to maintain the daily urine output of 1500 ml, for the large amount of exercise, people sweat more, amount of water even more. Beverages, beer is no substitute for water, beer, absorbed through the human body decomposition into uric acid, uric acid concentration, easy to get stones.
Summer diet should also note that the crowd had stones should be light diet, calcium supplements should also be careful.
Expert analysis, sweating drink plenty of water is the main cause of less. In addition, the body of metabolic disorders, urinary tract obstruction, infection, drug use, etc., are also common causes of stone formation. The high incidence of urinary tract stones in summer, Khan is the main reason many oliguria. Hot summer weather, the body sweat more, especially in outdoor activities or work, if not pay attention to complement the loss of body water, resulting in the formation of urinary stones was super-saturated salt crystal, crystal deposition in urine, can lead to urinary Road stone.
The incidence of urinary tract stones are distinctive features: there is a strong waist pain, even pain, people can not afford the body upright. Even after the pain, no feeling back to normal, should consult a doctor immediately. Some urinary tract stones accompanied by hematuria, it is because into the narrow ureter stones, were a creep, so that the friction to a ureteral stone wall, will produce hematuria.
Although this high incidence of the disease is seasonal, but as long as preventive measures, can reduce the probability of illness. The easiest way is to drink plenty of water, drank at least 2000 ml, the equivalent of 6 to 8 glasses of water. The stones were also to ensure adequate urine output, in general, as far as possible to maintain the daily urine output of 1500 ml, for the large amount of exercise, people sweat more, amount of water even more. Beverages, beer is no substitute for water, beer, absorbed through the human body decomposition into uric acid, uric acid concentration, easy to get stones.
Summer diet should also note that the crowd had stones should be light diet, calcium supplements should also be careful.
What to do more checks of urine?
24 h urine volume normal healthy person is about 1500-2000ml; If the 24h urine as more than 2500ml of urine. Pathological polyuria seen in diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, kidney disease.
Polyuria for different reasons, very different history, careful questioning of Endocrinology and Metabolism diseases, kidney disease history, medication history and other applications. Note dehydration medical examination, musculoskeletal examination, neurological examination is the focus of reflection. Biochemical laboratory tests to blood acid-base balance, water and electrolyte checks for the necessary means. Suspected multiple myeloma bone marrow examination can be diagnosed when repeated. X ray film. CT, MRL examination, we find that bone damage, as well as organs of the structure of demineralized size and so on.
Project selection】 【Inspection
Urine, urine, blood sugar, electrolyte determination, blood antidiuretic hormone determination.
Determine】 【test results
(1), urine routine examination: specific gravity was reduced, indicating that diabetes insipidus may be caused by polyuria.
(2) urine and blood glucose measurement: the positive urine sugar, blood glucose increased, suggesting that diabetes induced polyuria.
(3) Determination of serum electrolytes: calcium increase, suggesting that hyperparathyroidism may be caused by polyuria; potassium decreased, suggesting that the disease caused by low potassium and urination.
(4) Determination of serum antidiuretic hormone: reduced, indicating that the polyuria of diabetes insipidus.
Polyuria for different reasons, very different history, careful questioning of Endocrinology and Metabolism diseases, kidney disease history, medication history and other applications. Note dehydration medical examination, musculoskeletal examination, neurological examination is the focus of reflection. Biochemical laboratory tests to blood acid-base balance, water and electrolyte checks for the necessary means. Suspected multiple myeloma bone marrow examination can be diagnosed when repeated. X ray film. CT, MRL examination, we find that bone damage, as well as organs of the structure of demineralized size and so on.
Project selection】 【Inspection
Urine, urine, blood sugar, electrolyte determination, blood antidiuretic hormone determination.
Determine】 【test results
(1), urine routine examination: specific gravity was reduced, indicating that diabetes insipidus may be caused by polyuria.
(2) urine and blood glucose measurement: the positive urine sugar, blood glucose increased, suggesting that diabetes induced polyuria.
(3) Determination of serum electrolytes: calcium increase, suggesting that hyperparathyroidism may be caused by polyuria; potassium decreased, suggesting that the disease caused by low potassium and urination.
(4) Determination of serum antidiuretic hormone: reduced, indicating that the polyuria of diabetes insipidus.
Diabetic patients make up the daily water
Has been mistaken for many diabetic patients with polydipsia and polyuria of diabetes is caused because too much water, if there is less water, you can control the symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria.
This is not true. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, health education experts XU Wei-min said that many diabetes patients to control the symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria, even if the thirsty to drink water or do not want to drink as little as possible. Although this surface symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria were reduced, but the objective has led to elevated blood glucose levels, in fact increased the diabetes condition. According to statistical data analysis, because of improper water induced exacerbations, accounting for one to two percent of diabetic patients.
So, people with diabetes every day how much water to add more appropriate? XU Wei-min suggested that diabetes and other ordinary people on average per day 2500 ml of water. In addition to some of the water contained in the diet, there are 1600-2000 ml of water depend on external water supply. He warned that diabetes could be used for drinking water has boiled water, light tea, mineral water, not drinking sugary drinks. In addition, he said that in food intake more protein, exercise intensity, sweat and more such cases, should be the appropriate drink plenty of water. Milk, soy milk is a good diabetes hydration drink. Drank milk, soy milk can improve the calcium status, milk also contains a certain amount of dietary fiber, and therefore more suitable for comparison of obesity, high blood lipids, high blood pressure diabetes drinking.
This is not true. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, health education experts XU Wei-min said that many diabetes patients to control the symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria, even if the thirsty to drink water or do not want to drink as little as possible. Although this surface symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria were reduced, but the objective has led to elevated blood glucose levels, in fact increased the diabetes condition. According to statistical data analysis, because of improper water induced exacerbations, accounting for one to two percent of diabetic patients.
So, people with diabetes every day how much water to add more appropriate? XU Wei-min suggested that diabetes and other ordinary people on average per day 2500 ml of water. In addition to some of the water contained in the diet, there are 1600-2000 ml of water depend on external water supply. He warned that diabetes could be used for drinking water has boiled water, light tea, mineral water, not drinking sugary drinks. In addition, he said that in food intake more protein, exercise intensity, sweat and more such cases, should be the appropriate drink plenty of water. Milk, soy milk is a good diabetes hydration drink. Drank milk, soy milk can improve the calcium status, milk also contains a certain amount of dietary fiber, and therefore more suitable for comparison of obesity, high blood lipids, high blood pressure diabetes drinking.
What are symptoms of polyuria easily confused?
1. Insipidus Diabetes insipidus is the hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction nervous, too little antidiuretic hormone secretion caused by the disease, clinical manifestations mad thirsty polydipsia, polyuria, dehydration. Laboratory diagnosis of dependence. Water deprivation test: test before you urinate, urine test, urine relative density, blood pressure, body weight, hematocrit, then cut water 8 ~ 12h, every 2 h voiding a repeat examination, diabetes insipidus, although the ban on water, but when the urinary volume is still more than the relative density does not increase, weight decrease due to water loss 1.5-2.5 kg, blood pressure may have decreased, increased hematocrit. Hypertonic saline test: test the water before the cut-off 8 h, water early in the morning within 1h kg of body weight per 20 ml, 30mi when inserting catheters, urine samples were collected every 15 min, measuring urine output, urine volume per minute calculation, when a continuous 2 times per minute than voiding 5ml. time to start intravenous infusion 2.5% NaCI solution (0.25 ml? kg-1? min-1), lasted 45 min, such as the drip drip completed during or within 30 min after the urine remains in even increased by 0.1 units while intravenous vasopressin, if hysterical over urinary stimulated by hypertonic saline can be enough antidiuretic hormone secretion, and decreased urine output; diabetes insipidus in patients with pituitary injection pressure must be After the urine volume was significantly reduced factor.
2. The typical history of diabetes should be more drinking, eating, urination, weight loss. Common in the elderly with atypical medical history, especially more common older obese, showing polydipsia and polyuria, and more food from time performance. Laboratory tests show high blood sugar diabetes, high urine sugar, insulin release and C-peptide inspection abnormal, atypical cases have to do glucose tolerance test or bread be confirmed test.
3. Polyuria attention renal kidney disease history, kidney function checks the performance of particular examination of renal tubular function abnormalities.
4. Primary aldosteronism in patients with refractory hypertension, refractory hypokalemia, periodic muscle flaccid paralysis, paralysis, convulsions and spasms. CT or MRI, can be found in adrenal adenoma or hyperplasia.
5. Primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma (90%) hypertrophy (10%) and cancer (rare), patients with polydipsia polyuria, muscle weakness weakness, nausea vomiting, constipation. Laboratory high blood calcium, high calcium, alkaline phosphatase increased. X-ray examination, bone decalcification, bone absorption.
6. Psychogenic polydipsia, polyuria resistant patients can often feel thirsty, this time can significantly reduce the amount of urine, while the relative density of urine can be increased to more than 1.015. Patients tend to also have a series of clinical manifestations of neurosis. Water deprivation test or a hypertonic saline test may identify with diabetes insipidus.
7. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus rare hereditary disease, hereditary diseases are often chromosomal abnormalities, genetic female, male disease, there is family history, but the disease may be generational. Born after the performance of polyuria, polydipsia, polyuria before more drink. Ban water test and hypertonic saline test to work.
8. Hypokalemia usually do not show more potassium in urine, only the long-term low potassium, such as more than 3 months, persistent hypokalemia, renal tubular degeneration, said that when the performance loss of potassium nephritis polyuria,
At this time of low potassium, high potassium in urine, renal tubular dysfunction is the clinical features.
9. Acute renal failure Acute renal failure in pre-clinical sub-renal failure, oliguria anuria period, polyuria phase and recovery phase 4, polyuria period is characterized by gradual increase in urine output is generally divided in three forms: jump, increase in daily urine output above 100%, this type of good prognosis; stepped increase in daily urine output of 50% -100% of the volume increase, this type of prognosis is good; slowly increasing type, daily urine volume of 50 % or less, on behalf of renal function recovery is not complete or there are new factors that affect kidney function, common infections, renal toxicity of drugs or electrolyte imbalance, should be resolved in time, this type of oliguria anuria period usually longer, often exceeding half months, some patients can be directly transition to the chronic renal failure, cause permanent kidney damage. About l / 3 of the cases, the incidence of acute renal failure from the beginning that the performance of urination, polyuria, said acute renal failure.
10. Chronic renal failure Chronic renal failure early, often show more urine, mainly increased nocturia, renal tubular concentration on behalf of dysfunction, this time in urine relative density is low, often fixed at l.010-l.012, low urinary osmolality , the performance of radionuclide renogram curve low and flat.
11. Obstructive nephropathy is a major group involved in renal interstitial - renal disease is also called a small tube - interstitial nephritis. The complexity of its causes, common in infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms; immune dysfunction; renal toxic damage; kidney blood supply of metabolic diseases such as hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia; physical factors seen in a long-term exposure to X ray or cancer radiotherapy ; urinary tract obstruction caused by reflux nephropathy and polycystic kidney disease and other hereditary diseases. The cause different clinical manifestations are different, but their common feature is interstitial, tubular damage, as tubular damage, while the concentration of small tube dysfunction, the performance of polyuria.
Polyuria for different reasons, very different history, careful questioning of Endocrinology and Metabolism diseases, kidney disease history, medication history and other applications. Note dehydration medical examination, musculoskeletal examination, neurological examination is the focus of reflection. Biochemical laboratory tests to blood acid-base balance, water and electrolyte checks for the necessary means. Suspected multiple myeloma bone marrow examination can be diagnosed when repeated. X ray film. CT, MRL examination, we find that bone damage, as well as organs of the structure of demineralized size and so on.
2. The typical history of diabetes should be more drinking, eating, urination, weight loss. Common in the elderly with atypical medical history, especially more common older obese, showing polydipsia and polyuria, and more food from time performance. Laboratory tests show high blood sugar diabetes, high urine sugar, insulin release and C-peptide inspection abnormal, atypical cases have to do glucose tolerance test or bread be confirmed test.
3. Polyuria attention renal kidney disease history, kidney function checks the performance of particular examination of renal tubular function abnormalities.
4. Primary aldosteronism in patients with refractory hypertension, refractory hypokalemia, periodic muscle flaccid paralysis, paralysis, convulsions and spasms. CT or MRI, can be found in adrenal adenoma or hyperplasia.
5. Primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma (90%) hypertrophy (10%) and cancer (rare), patients with polydipsia polyuria, muscle weakness weakness, nausea vomiting, constipation. Laboratory high blood calcium, high calcium, alkaline phosphatase increased. X-ray examination, bone decalcification, bone absorption.
6. Psychogenic polydipsia, polyuria resistant patients can often feel thirsty, this time can significantly reduce the amount of urine, while the relative density of urine can be increased to more than 1.015. Patients tend to also have a series of clinical manifestations of neurosis. Water deprivation test or a hypertonic saline test may identify with diabetes insipidus.
7. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus rare hereditary disease, hereditary diseases are often chromosomal abnormalities, genetic female, male disease, there is family history, but the disease may be generational. Born after the performance of polyuria, polydipsia, polyuria before more drink. Ban water test and hypertonic saline test to work.
8. Hypokalemia usually do not show more potassium in urine, only the long-term low potassium, such as more than 3 months, persistent hypokalemia, renal tubular degeneration, said that when the performance loss of potassium nephritis polyuria,
At this time of low potassium, high potassium in urine, renal tubular dysfunction is the clinical features.
9. Acute renal failure Acute renal failure in pre-clinical sub-renal failure, oliguria anuria period, polyuria phase and recovery phase 4, polyuria period is characterized by gradual increase in urine output is generally divided in three forms: jump, increase in daily urine output above 100%, this type of good prognosis; stepped increase in daily urine output of 50% -100% of the volume increase, this type of prognosis is good; slowly increasing type, daily urine volume of 50 % or less, on behalf of renal function recovery is not complete or there are new factors that affect kidney function, common infections, renal toxicity of drugs or electrolyte imbalance, should be resolved in time, this type of oliguria anuria period usually longer, often exceeding half months, some patients can be directly transition to the chronic renal failure, cause permanent kidney damage. About l / 3 of the cases, the incidence of acute renal failure from the beginning that the performance of urination, polyuria, said acute renal failure.
10. Chronic renal failure Chronic renal failure early, often show more urine, mainly increased nocturia, renal tubular concentration on behalf of dysfunction, this time in urine relative density is low, often fixed at l.010-l.012, low urinary osmolality , the performance of radionuclide renogram curve low and flat.
11. Obstructive nephropathy is a major group involved in renal interstitial - renal disease is also called a small tube - interstitial nephritis. The complexity of its causes, common in infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms; immune dysfunction; renal toxic damage; kidney blood supply of metabolic diseases such as hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia; physical factors seen in a long-term exposure to X ray or cancer radiotherapy ; urinary tract obstruction caused by reflux nephropathy and polycystic kidney disease and other hereditary diseases. The cause different clinical manifestations are different, but their common feature is interstitial, tubular damage, as tubular damage, while the concentration of small tube dysfunction, the performance of polyuria.
Polyuria for different reasons, very different history, careful questioning of Endocrinology and Metabolism diseases, kidney disease history, medication history and other applications. Note dehydration medical examination, musculoskeletal examination, neurological examination is the focus of reflection. Biochemical laboratory tests to blood acid-base balance, water and electrolyte checks for the necessary means. Suspected multiple myeloma bone marrow examination can be diagnosed when repeated. X ray film. CT, MRL examination, we find that bone damage, as well as organs of the structure of demineralized size and so on.
Saturday, July 31, 2010
What causes bad breath caused by?
(A) of the diet flavor
Eating certain foods such as garlic, onions, leeks, tofu and other food itself has a specific odor, residual in the mouth after eating may issue a corresponding smell, Heating, vomiting, hiccups, often the gastrointestinal contents The smell came in vitro.
(B) foreign corruption
Remaining food residues in Chifeng in decay by bacterial action resulting from the smell.
(C) necrosis
Human tissues are constituted of proteins, such as corruption and decomposition of hydrogen sulfide odor after.
(D) breeding of bacteria
Some oral and respiratory bacterial decomposition of protein, starch, producing a large number of bacterial metabolites such as indole Duo, sulfur and ammonia-based classes such as hydrogen can cause bad breath.
(E) substances contained in blood of diabetic ketosis, uremia, acidosis, blood ketones, urea composition to increase the blood flow through alveolar be contained in the ketone decomposition of urea and some other gas distribution with the in vitro, so patients have the mouth acetone smell or rotten apple smell.
(A) of the physiological factors
1. Food flavor: If you drink, the smell of alcohol, tobacco smokers, except, fresh garlic, garlic odor after oral residual.
2. Bad breath after waking up at night sleep.
3. Hunger and long-term fasting can also bring a strong bad breath.
4. Some people in the menstrual period can occur during pregnancy and bad breath.
(B) of the pathological factors
1. Oral disease periodontal disease, caries, black tongue disease, oral necrotizing inflammation pericoronitis, oral cancer necrosis.
2. Nasopharynx disease suppurative maxillary sinusitis, atrophic rhinitis, acute tonsillitis, angina, pediatric nasal foreign body, etc..
3. Systemic diseases of other organs, such as indigestion, gastritis. Bronchiectasis secondary pulmonary infection, lung abscess, leukemia, platelet reducing disease, agranulocytosis, diabetes, lead, mercury, poisoning the town and organic matter may have a strange odor.
Eating certain foods such as garlic, onions, leeks, tofu and other food itself has a specific odor, residual in the mouth after eating may issue a corresponding smell, Heating, vomiting, hiccups, often the gastrointestinal contents The smell came in vitro.
(B) foreign corruption
Remaining food residues in Chifeng in decay by bacterial action resulting from the smell.
(C) necrosis
Human tissues are constituted of proteins, such as corruption and decomposition of hydrogen sulfide odor after.
(D) breeding of bacteria
Some oral and respiratory bacterial decomposition of protein, starch, producing a large number of bacterial metabolites such as indole Duo, sulfur and ammonia-based classes such as hydrogen can cause bad breath.
(E) substances contained in blood of diabetic ketosis, uremia, acidosis, blood ketones, urea composition to increase the blood flow through alveolar be contained in the ketone decomposition of urea and some other gas distribution with the in vitro, so patients have the mouth acetone smell or rotten apple smell.
(A) of the physiological factors
1. Food flavor: If you drink, the smell of alcohol, tobacco smokers, except, fresh garlic, garlic odor after oral residual.
2. Bad breath after waking up at night sleep.
3. Hunger and long-term fasting can also bring a strong bad breath.
4. Some people in the menstrual period can occur during pregnancy and bad breath.
(B) of the pathological factors
1. Oral disease periodontal disease, caries, black tongue disease, oral necrotizing inflammation pericoronitis, oral cancer necrosis.
2. Nasopharynx disease suppurative maxillary sinusitis, atrophic rhinitis, acute tonsillitis, angina, pediatric nasal foreign body, etc..
3. Systemic diseases of other organs, such as indigestion, gastritis. Bronchiectasis secondary pulmonary infection, lung abscess, leukemia, platelet reducing disease, agranulocytosis, diabetes, lead, mercury, poisoning the town and organic matter may have a strange odor.
Four strokes teach you check the pelvic masses
Pelvic masses mainly coming from the pelvic reproductive organs, such as the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, also from the other pelvic organs or tissues, such as the abdominal wall, appendix, rectum, bladder and retroperitoneal tissue, etc. The mass.
Cause pelvic masses can be caused by normal pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, cancer, inflammatory mass may also be filling the bladder, intestinal pneumatosis, intestinal adhesion, retroperitoneal mass, vaginal deformity caused by the upper vagina or uterine cavity hemorrhage, or left in the abdominal cavity after surgery within the gauze.
Diagnosis can refer to age, period, with or without vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, bloating, fever, and tumor size, location, growth rate, single bilateral, with or without surgery, infection, infertility history and the history of such mass . Check emptying the bladder before the patient must, if necessary, be the pilot of urine. Check attention tumor size, location, character, activity, with or without tenderness, the relationship between mass and surrounding tissue, etc. In case of unclear or gut checks have fecal material should be made after defecation or enema triple diagnosis Check.
Inspection method
1. Gynecological examination. Most pelvic masses and ovarian abnormalities were found by pelvic examination, but smaller than the mass or obesity is difficult to find through the pelvic examination.
2.B ultrasound examination. Is a screening pelvic masses economy, rapid and effective means of detection, we can find the nature of ovarian enlargement and lumps. Transvaginal B-ultrasound showed ovarian abnormalities more accurately. Highly suspected ovarian cancer, but lack of evidence or economic conditions permitting, CT examination.
3. Serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) test. When ovarian tumors of unknown nature, CA125 and other tumor markers detection in the diagnosis. However, there is pelvic inflammatory disease or endometriosis when, CA125 can be elevated. In addition, not all of the CA125 ovarian cancer are abnormal.
4. There is family history, check the BRCA (breast cancer gene) 1 and BRCA2 can further filter family of high-risk individuals, but the detection of ovarian cancer patients in the positive rate of only 5% to 10%.
In addition, the pregnancy test, probe test, hysterosalpingography technique, X ray or laparoscopy, CT scan, MRI or other examinations can help to diagnose.
Cause pelvic masses can be caused by normal pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, cancer, inflammatory mass may also be filling the bladder, intestinal pneumatosis, intestinal adhesion, retroperitoneal mass, vaginal deformity caused by the upper vagina or uterine cavity hemorrhage, or left in the abdominal cavity after surgery within the gauze.
Diagnosis can refer to age, period, with or without vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, bloating, fever, and tumor size, location, growth rate, single bilateral, with or without surgery, infection, infertility history and the history of such mass . Check emptying the bladder before the patient must, if necessary, be the pilot of urine. Check attention tumor size, location, character, activity, with or without tenderness, the relationship between mass and surrounding tissue, etc. In case of unclear or gut checks have fecal material should be made after defecation or enema triple diagnosis Check.
Inspection method
1. Gynecological examination. Most pelvic masses and ovarian abnormalities were found by pelvic examination, but smaller than the mass or obesity is difficult to find through the pelvic examination.
2.B ultrasound examination. Is a screening pelvic masses economy, rapid and effective means of detection, we can find the nature of ovarian enlargement and lumps. Transvaginal B-ultrasound showed ovarian abnormalities more accurately. Highly suspected ovarian cancer, but lack of evidence or economic conditions permitting, CT examination.
3. Serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) test. When ovarian tumors of unknown nature, CA125 and other tumor markers detection in the diagnosis. However, there is pelvic inflammatory disease or endometriosis when, CA125 can be elevated. In addition, not all of the CA125 ovarian cancer are abnormal.
4. There is family history, check the BRCA (breast cancer gene) 1 and BRCA2 can further filter family of high-risk individuals, but the detection of ovarian cancer patients in the positive rate of only 5% to 10%.
In addition, the pregnancy test, probe test, hysterosalpingography technique, X ray or laparoscopy, CT scan, MRI or other examinations can help to diagnose.
Abnormal menstruation how to deal with?
Menstrual bring patients the main problems are the following aspects, treatment should address these issues from the start:
1, bleeding and anemia: As the long period and caused by the quantity. In addition to general measures to stop bleeding, can be used as appropriate hormone or curettage bleeding.
2, cycle disorders: with estrogen and progesterone treatment of single or combined cycle. Traditional Chinese medicine can also be used.
3, Infertility: hypothalamus - pituitary - ovarian axis of one or more of dysfunction caused by anovulation, is one of the pathophysiological basis menstrual is one of the causes of infertility. Although some patients with inadequate luteal function of ovulation but can also cause infertility. According to the patients to choose a different ovulation induction drugs, and improve the ovarian function or to replace part of the hypothalamus and pituitary function, and induce or enhance ovulation, luteal function, to achieve the purpose of pregnancy.
Fully restored hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis of normal physiological function is very difficult. In the development process because of the link function is not yet stable or decline in ovarian function during the temporary disorder, after a period of conservative treatment and waiting can often achieve the function of improving or stable. Most of the menstrual currently still in the palliative, even if the problem of infertility problem, often after giving birth the old disease relapse, some need to take lifelong treatment or surgery.
1, bleeding and anemia: As the long period and caused by the quantity. In addition to general measures to stop bleeding, can be used as appropriate hormone or curettage bleeding.
2, cycle disorders: with estrogen and progesterone treatment of single or combined cycle. Traditional Chinese medicine can also be used.
3, Infertility: hypothalamus - pituitary - ovarian axis of one or more of dysfunction caused by anovulation, is one of the pathophysiological basis menstrual is one of the causes of infertility. Although some patients with inadequate luteal function of ovulation but can also cause infertility. According to the patients to choose a different ovulation induction drugs, and improve the ovarian function or to replace part of the hypothalamus and pituitary function, and induce or enhance ovulation, luteal function, to achieve the purpose of pregnancy.
Fully restored hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis of normal physiological function is very difficult. In the development process because of the link function is not yet stable or decline in ovarian function during the temporary disorder, after a period of conservative treatment and waiting can often achieve the function of improving or stable. Most of the menstrual currently still in the palliative, even if the problem of infertility problem, often after giving birth the old disease relapse, some need to take lifelong treatment or surgery.
Friday, July 30, 2010
Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause infertility
Pelvic inflammatory disease is pelvic uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries or the surrounding tissue, including the pelvic peritoneum, inflammation occurs when any one may as pelvic inflammatory disease. Inflammation may be limited to one area, but also several parts of the same time inflammation. Narrow clinical pelvic inflammatory disease refers to salpingitis.
Pelvic inflammatory disease may spread outside the genital inflammation came up, but also by inflammation of adjacent organs or other parts of the body caused by the transmission of infection. Bacteria often menstruation, abortion, childbirth, or through the reproductive tract of surgical wound into the pelvic cavity caused by inflammation. Acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is divided into the former begins abruptly, usually causes significant morbidity if treated promptly, thoroughly and effectively, we would often be cured. When the treatment of acute inflammation can not completely transformed into chronic, but more because of the slow onset and mild not to attract attention, Guer not treated early, persistent to chronic, this type of infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease often resulted in women.
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease symptoms were bilateral salpingitis, tubal openings over time so that, in particular those receiving one end of the egg (called umbrella side) of some or all closed, also make the inner tube due to inflammation of mucous membrane adhesion to the lumen narrowed or closed. In this way, so that the egg, sperm or fertilized egg of the common occurrence of obstacles, lead to infertility. Severe pelvic inflammatory disease may spread to the pelvic peritoneum, uterus and cervix next to the organization, ultimately leading to these organs harden, activities ineffective, especially tubal motility loss of the physical properties of soft, become stiff, distorted and completely blocked the lumen , to the extent not heal.
Severe pelvic inflammation in the uterus and the rectum can be formed between the abscess, inflammation subsided after the change can cause adhesions between the ovary and fallopian tube, causing the Department of tubal adhesions and closed umbrella, so that the capsule thickened ovarian surface hardening, so that eggs can not be properly discharged, but also because the impact of tubal infertility caused by the transmission function.
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease often can not complete the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease or patients with poor quality, caused by prolonged course. However, some patients who had no history of acute onset. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease often more stubborn, more form a tubal, ovarian adhesions mass, and the surrounding adhesion, anti-inflammatory drugs is not easy to enter, and therefore not easy to completely cure, when the body's resistance to drop or too tired and often acute.
Patients may have fever, abdominal bulge, dull pain, lumbosacral pain embolism. After labor, sexual intercourse or menstruation, because of pelvic congestion, symptoms may increase. In addition, patients will have increased vaginal discharge or menstrual blood volume increase, month after frequency, such as menstruation and menstrual changes, and often secondary infertility.
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, including chronic inflammation and chronic pelvic connective tissue attachment inflammation.
Chronic annexitis Changbiaoxianwei: tubal wall thickening hardened mucous layer of inflammatory exudate, tubal adhesions occur, so that the lumen obstruction, and even ovaries simultaneously involved with tubal perforation, ovarian cysts or abscess formation of fallopian tube.
Chronic pelvic inflammation due to acute inflammation of connective tissue can not completely cure and develop into chronic, due to tissue congestion, edema, fibrosis appeared then, hardened. The inflammation may also spread directly to the outside shape of a fan of Pelvic, uterus, it is often fixed. This chronic inflammatory disease stubborn and difficult to cure.
Pelvic inflammatory disease may spread outside the genital inflammation came up, but also by inflammation of adjacent organs or other parts of the body caused by the transmission of infection. Bacteria often menstruation, abortion, childbirth, or through the reproductive tract of surgical wound into the pelvic cavity caused by inflammation. Acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is divided into the former begins abruptly, usually causes significant morbidity if treated promptly, thoroughly and effectively, we would often be cured. When the treatment of acute inflammation can not completely transformed into chronic, but more because of the slow onset and mild not to attract attention, Guer not treated early, persistent to chronic, this type of infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease often resulted in women.
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease symptoms were bilateral salpingitis, tubal openings over time so that, in particular those receiving one end of the egg (called umbrella side) of some or all closed, also make the inner tube due to inflammation of mucous membrane adhesion to the lumen narrowed or closed. In this way, so that the egg, sperm or fertilized egg of the common occurrence of obstacles, lead to infertility. Severe pelvic inflammatory disease may spread to the pelvic peritoneum, uterus and cervix next to the organization, ultimately leading to these organs harden, activities ineffective, especially tubal motility loss of the physical properties of soft, become stiff, distorted and completely blocked the lumen , to the extent not heal.
Severe pelvic inflammation in the uterus and the rectum can be formed between the abscess, inflammation subsided after the change can cause adhesions between the ovary and fallopian tube, causing the Department of tubal adhesions and closed umbrella, so that the capsule thickened ovarian surface hardening, so that eggs can not be properly discharged, but also because the impact of tubal infertility caused by the transmission function.
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease often can not complete the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease or patients with poor quality, caused by prolonged course. However, some patients who had no history of acute onset. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease often more stubborn, more form a tubal, ovarian adhesions mass, and the surrounding adhesion, anti-inflammatory drugs is not easy to enter, and therefore not easy to completely cure, when the body's resistance to drop or too tired and often acute.
Patients may have fever, abdominal bulge, dull pain, lumbosacral pain embolism. After labor, sexual intercourse or menstruation, because of pelvic congestion, symptoms may increase. In addition, patients will have increased vaginal discharge or menstrual blood volume increase, month after frequency, such as menstruation and menstrual changes, and often secondary infertility.
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, including chronic inflammation and chronic pelvic connective tissue attachment inflammation.
Chronic annexitis Changbiaoxianwei: tubal wall thickening hardened mucous layer of inflammatory exudate, tubal adhesions occur, so that the lumen obstruction, and even ovaries simultaneously involved with tubal perforation, ovarian cysts or abscess formation of fallopian tube.
Chronic pelvic inflammation due to acute inflammation of connective tissue can not completely cure and develop into chronic, due to tissue congestion, edema, fibrosis appeared then, hardened. The inflammation may also spread directly to the outside shape of a fan of Pelvic, uterus, it is often fixed. This chronic inflammatory disease stubborn and difficult to cure.
Thursday, July 22, 2010
Migraine need to do inspections
Migraine is the most important and common as vascular headache, showing the same pulse with the pulse of pain, or pain. Bow, heat, force, increased cough, headache can Dengjun. Examination showed elevated temporal artery, pulse increase, reduce headache after compression. Onset usually in adolescence, some patients have family history, and more because of fatigue, emotional factors, such as induce menstruation, migraine headaches, including a general inspection of the following:
1. EEG:
Is generally believed that migraine patients both in exacerbation or intermittent period, the incidence of EEG abnormalities were higher than the normal control group, but the EEG changes in migraine patients do not have specific, because it can have normal waveform . General of slow wave, spike wave discharges, focal spikes, class waves and the hyperventilation, abnormal response to flash stimulation and other waveforms. EEG abnormalities in children with migraine higher rate of 9% to 70%, and there may be spikes, paroxysmal slow wave, fast wave activity and diffuse slow waves.
2. MRI of cerebral blood flow:
Patients and intermittent episodes of cerebral blood flow map of the major changes on both sides of asymmetric volatility, high side or low side.
3. Cerebral angiography:
In principle, patients with migraine cerebral angiography was not necessary, only in severe headache, a high degree of suspicion for subarachnoid hemorrhage patients who were cerebral angiography with a view to excluding intracranial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations and other diseases. No doubt, cerebral angiography in patients with migraine mostly normal.
4. Cerebrospinal fluid:
Migraine patients in a routine examination of cerebrospinal fluid is usually normal, and generally can be increased in cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes.
5. Platelet function tests:
Migraine patients may increase platelet aggregation.
6. Immunology:
Generally believed that migraine patients immunoglobulin IgG, IgA, C3 and E rosette formation may be higher than normal.
1. EEG:
Is generally believed that migraine patients both in exacerbation or intermittent period, the incidence of EEG abnormalities were higher than the normal control group, but the EEG changes in migraine patients do not have specific, because it can have normal waveform . General of slow wave, spike wave discharges, focal spikes, class waves and the hyperventilation, abnormal response to flash stimulation and other waveforms. EEG abnormalities in children with migraine higher rate of 9% to 70%, and there may be spikes, paroxysmal slow wave, fast wave activity and diffuse slow waves.
2. MRI of cerebral blood flow:
Patients and intermittent episodes of cerebral blood flow map of the major changes on both sides of asymmetric volatility, high side or low side.
3. Cerebral angiography:
In principle, patients with migraine cerebral angiography was not necessary, only in severe headache, a high degree of suspicion for subarachnoid hemorrhage patients who were cerebral angiography with a view to excluding intracranial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations and other diseases. No doubt, cerebral angiography in patients with migraine mostly normal.
4. Cerebrospinal fluid:
Migraine patients in a routine examination of cerebrospinal fluid is usually normal, and generally can be increased in cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes.
5. Platelet function tests:
Migraine patients may increase platelet aggregation.
6. Immunology:
Generally believed that migraine patients immunoglobulin IgG, IgA, C3 and E rosette formation may be higher than normal.
Headache, which checks should be done?
Luteinizing hormone (LH) -
Luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone involved in ovulation, promotion of estrogen and progesterone formation and secretion, the promotion of testicular synthesis and secretion of androgens.
Prolactin (PRL) -
Prolactin major catalyst for growth and breast milk formation and inhibit gonadotropin secretion.
Antidiuretic hormone -
Lee urea, also known as anti-vasopressin, is secreted hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus of a cyclic peptide hormone. Its physiological function is to enhance the renal distal tubule and collecting duct reabsorption of water, from the anti-diuretic effect, to maintain normal plasma colloid osmotic pressure and therefore has great influence on renal function of concentration. Blood volume and blood pressure changes and other factors can affect the secretion of urea against Lee.
Cerebrospinal fluid culture + sensitivity test -
Cerebrospinal fluid culture + sensitivity test is an examination of cerebrospinal fluid infection.
CSF glucose (CSF-Glu) -
Cerebrospinal fluid of a screening method.
Lactic acid (LA) -
Cerebrospinal fluid of a screening method.
Tryptophan test (TrpT) -
Cerebrospinal fluid of a screening method.
CSF Chloride -
Determination of cerebrospinal fluid cerebrospinal fluid chloride that the content of chlorine compounds. Normal, blood and CSF can not all of the material between the free flow of circulation. When the occurrence of certain diseases involving the central nervous system, cerebrospinal fluid chloride content will change.
Cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) -
Normal cerebrospinal fluid contains a variety of enzymes, its activity much lower than serum levels. When the blood-brain barrier permeability, causing fluid to move in serum enzymes.
Skeletal muscle autoantibodies (ASA) -
Myasthenia gravis as a screening method.
Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) -
ACA can interfere with phospholipid-dependent coagulation process, and thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, recurrent spontaneous abortion are closely related.
Cerebrospinal fluid pressure -
Puncture the pressure should be measured to physicians, normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure supine was 0.78 ~ 1.76kPa (80 ~ 180mmH2O), children 0.4 ~ 1.0kPa (40 ~ 100mmH2O). Any lesions to brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid volume increases, increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure may be.
Luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone involved in ovulation, promotion of estrogen and progesterone formation and secretion, the promotion of testicular synthesis and secretion of androgens.
Prolactin (PRL) -
Prolactin major catalyst for growth and breast milk formation and inhibit gonadotropin secretion.
Antidiuretic hormone -
Lee urea, also known as anti-vasopressin, is secreted hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus of a cyclic peptide hormone. Its physiological function is to enhance the renal distal tubule and collecting duct reabsorption of water, from the anti-diuretic effect, to maintain normal plasma colloid osmotic pressure and therefore has great influence on renal function of concentration. Blood volume and blood pressure changes and other factors can affect the secretion of urea against Lee.
Cerebrospinal fluid culture + sensitivity test -
Cerebrospinal fluid culture + sensitivity test is an examination of cerebrospinal fluid infection.
CSF glucose (CSF-Glu) -
Cerebrospinal fluid of a screening method.
Lactic acid (LA) -
Cerebrospinal fluid of a screening method.
Tryptophan test (TrpT) -
Cerebrospinal fluid of a screening method.
CSF Chloride -
Determination of cerebrospinal fluid cerebrospinal fluid chloride that the content of chlorine compounds. Normal, blood and CSF can not all of the material between the free flow of circulation. When the occurrence of certain diseases involving the central nervous system, cerebrospinal fluid chloride content will change.
Cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) -
Normal cerebrospinal fluid contains a variety of enzymes, its activity much lower than serum levels. When the blood-brain barrier permeability, causing fluid to move in serum enzymes.
Skeletal muscle autoantibodies (ASA) -
Myasthenia gravis as a screening method.
Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) -
ACA can interfere with phospholipid-dependent coagulation process, and thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, recurrent spontaneous abortion are closely related.
Cerebrospinal fluid pressure -
Puncture the pressure should be measured to physicians, normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure supine was 0.78 ~ 1.76kPa (80 ~ 180mmH2O), children 0.4 ~ 1.0kPa (40 ~ 100mmH2O). Any lesions to brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid volume increases, increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure may be.
Sunday, July 18, 2010
What kind of women dysmenorrhea?
Where before or pass through during menstruation, abdominal and back pain occurs, and other general malaise, which affects work and life, call it that dysmenorrhea, also known by the line of abdominal pain. With the onset of menstrual periodicity, as the main clinical features of dysmenorrhea.
Dysmenorrhea can be divided into two kinds of primary and secondary:
Primary dysmenorrhea, also known as functional dysmenorrhea refers to the reproductive organs by gynecological examination no obvious organic lesion. Menarche often occurs in or shortly after menarche, more common in unmarried and pregnant women, often after childbirth pain relief or disappeared.
Secondary dysmenorrhea refers to the reproductive organs are organic lesion. Such pain often occurs in reproductive organs with lesions, the period of time after menarche, no dysmenorrhea.
Understanding of Chinese Medicine on dysmenorrhea, mainly blood runs sluggish, not General Pain. Gas as the commander of blood, Flow of Qi line. Poor blood stasis may be due to emotional, liver qi stagnation, qi poor blood flow can not be with the gas. Or living in damp places, menstruation rain, swimming, or eating cold, so cold and dampness of Evil in the uterus, cold coagulation and pain.
Dysmenorrhea can be divided into two kinds of primary and secondary:
Primary dysmenorrhea, also known as functional dysmenorrhea refers to the reproductive organs by gynecological examination no obvious organic lesion. Menarche often occurs in or shortly after menarche, more common in unmarried and pregnant women, often after childbirth pain relief or disappeared.
Secondary dysmenorrhea refers to the reproductive organs are organic lesion. Such pain often occurs in reproductive organs with lesions, the period of time after menarche, no dysmenorrhea.
Understanding of Chinese Medicine on dysmenorrhea, mainly blood runs sluggish, not General Pain. Gas as the commander of blood, Flow of Qi line. Poor blood stasis may be due to emotional, liver qi stagnation, qi poor blood flow can not be with the gas. Or living in damp places, menstruation rain, swimming, or eating cold, so cold and dampness of Evil in the uterus, cold coagulation and pain.
Women how to prevent and treat dysmenorrhea?
According to statistics, the majority of young women with primary dysmenorrhea, of which about 20% -25% of the people who need pain medication. Zhao Ying said that the so-called primary, is a simple physical phenomenon. Primary dysmenorrhea is no cure. When the pain can take pain medicine.
Many people worry that medication will have dependencies, so even in the most pain two days before menstruation, as well as "carry." Experts point out that this is a misunderstanding. Taking painkillers such Fenbid does not produce dependence, drug only to help you reduce the pain, ease the pain to the work and lives.
How to avoid dysmenorrhea in daily life?
Experts said that women in their daily lives more attention to some, it may reduce or even avoid dysmenorrhea:
Balanced diet, avoid too sweet or salty junk food, eat vegetables, fruits, chicken, fish, Eat less cold drinks and spicy food, and try to Eat small meals.
Added minerals, potassium and magnesium minerals, can help relieve dysmenorrhea. The eve of and during menstruation may wish to increase the intake of calcium and magnesium.
To keep warm, keep the body warm will accelerate the blood circulation.
Dysmenorrhea occurred how to deal with?
Experts believe that even if the dysmenorrhea occurs, or you can take some measures to deal with.
Active treatment of primary dysmenorrhea need to use drugs, is best taken immediately feel the pain, analgesic effect will be better, but not blindly use of analgesics, in serious cases, the diagnosis, preferably by the hospital, so as not to cover up the symptoms , delay treatment.
Understand more about sanitation, and eliminate the fear and tension dysmenorrhea psychology, a relaxed and joyful mood, take part in leisure activities, ease of work and life.
Many people worry that medication will have dependencies, so even in the most pain two days before menstruation, as well as "carry." Experts point out that this is a misunderstanding. Taking painkillers such Fenbid does not produce dependence, drug only to help you reduce the pain, ease the pain to the work and lives.
How to avoid dysmenorrhea in daily life?
Experts said that women in their daily lives more attention to some, it may reduce or even avoid dysmenorrhea:
Balanced diet, avoid too sweet or salty junk food, eat vegetables, fruits, chicken, fish, Eat less cold drinks and spicy food, and try to Eat small meals.
Added minerals, potassium and magnesium minerals, can help relieve dysmenorrhea. The eve of and during menstruation may wish to increase the intake of calcium and magnesium.
To keep warm, keep the body warm will accelerate the blood circulation.
Dysmenorrhea occurred how to deal with?
Experts believe that even if the dysmenorrhea occurs, or you can take some measures to deal with.
Active treatment of primary dysmenorrhea need to use drugs, is best taken immediately feel the pain, analgesic effect will be better, but not blindly use of analgesics, in serious cases, the diagnosis, preferably by the hospital, so as not to cover up the symptoms , delay treatment.
Understand more about sanitation, and eliminate the fear and tension dysmenorrhea psychology, a relaxed and joyful mood, take part in leisure activities, ease of work and life.
What is dysmenorrhea service painkillers harmful
Fear of attacks increased dysmenorrhea
Many girls come in every time period when taking pain medicine. Therefore, gynecologists warned that painkillers may result in nervous system dysfunction, decreased memory, insomnia and other adverse consequences.
According to gynecological experts, many girls in the survey are all of primary dysmenorrhea, usually from after menarche, almost every month, which many girl children have a sense of fear, exacerbated by the onset of dysmenorrhea of, or even creating a vicious circle. This is mainly due to psychological pressure, sedentary cause deterioration of blood circulation, poor blood to run, eat cold food caused. In addition, strenuous exercise period, by the cold wet attack, are easily induced dysmenorrhea.
Brown sugar can drink ginger tea to alleviate the
For this reason, experts say, parents should let their children study more knowledge of physiology, to eliminate the fear by the former. Individuals should pay attention to menstrual health, if their periods stomach problems, then heat or hot water bottle can drink ginger tea, brown sugar, tea roses temporary relief. Continued pain relief, if not, then, should go to the hospital gynecological examination, to prescribe the right medicine for treatment.
Many girls come in every time period when taking pain medicine. Therefore, gynecologists warned that painkillers may result in nervous system dysfunction, decreased memory, insomnia and other adverse consequences.
According to gynecological experts, many girls in the survey are all of primary dysmenorrhea, usually from after menarche, almost every month, which many girl children have a sense of fear, exacerbated by the onset of dysmenorrhea of, or even creating a vicious circle. This is mainly due to psychological pressure, sedentary cause deterioration of blood circulation, poor blood to run, eat cold food caused. In addition, strenuous exercise period, by the cold wet attack, are easily induced dysmenorrhea.
Brown sugar can drink ginger tea to alleviate the
For this reason, experts say, parents should let their children study more knowledge of physiology, to eliminate the fear by the former. Individuals should pay attention to menstrual health, if their periods stomach problems, then heat or hot water bottle can drink ginger tea, brown sugar, tea roses temporary relief. Continued pain relief, if not, then, should go to the hospital gynecological examination, to prescribe the right medicine for treatment.
Daily life should be how to prevent dysmenorrhea
For some women said that since the beginning menstruation, dysmenorrhea has been wrapped around her, each approaching the time period began to worry that this will be painful as what I believe are not stand. In fact, prevention of dysmenorrhea in daily life from the start, usually to good defense.
1, since menarche should learn from, learn some basic sanitation, and menstrual cramps normal physiological phenomenon that has a proper understanding of psychology to eliminate fear and tension, can prevent the creation or increase of primary dysmenorrhea to alleviate pain threshold of pain. Note that to prevent menstruation and sexual health, economic, production during the ascending infection, prevention and treatment of retention of menstruation may cause disease.
2, should pay attention to diet adjustment period before and during menstruation not eat cold by the cold and cool the product, so that cold coagulation and blood stasis and increased dysmenorrhea; menstruation more persons, not spicy food in Hong dry heat to force things in order to avoid blood, bleeding even more. And be careful not to abuse drugs should be based on the reasons for dysmenorrhea, syndrome differentiation.
3, menstruation should be noted that warm avoid cold, cold, cold stimulation to prevent cold pathogen invasion; attention to rest, reducing fatigue to enhance nutrition, increase physical; should try to control the violent mood swings, avoid mental stimulation to maintain a strong mood; ordinarily to prevent excessive labor room, the absolute prohibition of sex during menstruation.
Perhaps your stubborn dysmenorrhea, which is not useful to you, then you should go to hospital for treatment medication.
1, since menarche should learn from, learn some basic sanitation, and menstrual cramps normal physiological phenomenon that has a proper understanding of psychology to eliminate fear and tension, can prevent the creation or increase of primary dysmenorrhea to alleviate pain threshold of pain. Note that to prevent menstruation and sexual health, economic, production during the ascending infection, prevention and treatment of retention of menstruation may cause disease.
2, should pay attention to diet adjustment period before and during menstruation not eat cold by the cold and cool the product, so that cold coagulation and blood stasis and increased dysmenorrhea; menstruation more persons, not spicy food in Hong dry heat to force things in order to avoid blood, bleeding even more. And be careful not to abuse drugs should be based on the reasons for dysmenorrhea, syndrome differentiation.
3, menstruation should be noted that warm avoid cold, cold, cold stimulation to prevent cold pathogen invasion; attention to rest, reducing fatigue to enhance nutrition, increase physical; should try to control the violent mood swings, avoid mental stimulation to maintain a strong mood; ordinarily to prevent excessive labor room, the absolute prohibition of sex during menstruation.
Perhaps your stubborn dysmenorrhea, which is not useful to you, then you should go to hospital for treatment medication.
6 prostatitis caused major harm to the male
That prostatitis disease, I believe we are no strangers, common diseases as men, one, precisely because so many male friends do not commonly lead to a high degree of attention, everyone knows that it's harmful for male friends is very large, the main effect There are six, hope got the early treatment of prostatitis male friends!
First, affect sexual function
Lead to impotence, premature ejaculation. As a long-term failure to cure the disease, a variety of symptoms and discomfort in sexual intercourse after the increase, or directly affect sexual feelings and the quality of the patients on a vicious stimulation, gradually shown a dislike of the sexual sense, leading to impotence, premature ejaculation and so on.
Second, the pain
Affect their work and life. As the inflammatory stimulation, produce a series of symptoms, such as lumbar, perineum, testicles and other parts of pain, urinary endless, nocturia, so that patients with irritability, affect the work and life.
Third, affect fertility
Can lead to infertility. Long-term chronic inflammation, so that changes in the prostatic fluid composition, prostate secretory function affected, thereby affecting semen liquefaction time, sperm motility decreased, can lead to male infertility.
4, gynecological inflammation caused by infection spouse
Prostatitis can be transmitted to his wife, in particular infection caused by specific bacteria prostatitis, the inflammation can be transmitted through sexual means to his wife. Such as fungal prostatitis, trichomonas prostatitis, gonorrhea, prostatitis, non-gonococcal (chlamydia, mycoplasma) prostatitis.
5, resulting in endocrine disorders
Induced psychosis. Normally, the prostate that secrete a variety of active substances. As the prostate inflammation, endocrine disorders, can cause a nervous breakdown, so that the spirit of an exception; may appear insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, slow thinking, memory loss and other symptoms.
6, leading to chronic nephritis
Development of uremia. Prostatitis if not treated, can lead to benign prostatic hyperplasia, bladder outlet to the oppression, so that urine can not be completely empty, there urine. Residual urine is a good medium for bacterial growth, combined with bladder mucosa defense mechanism, it is easy to cause urinary tract infections such as pyelonephritis, such as the treatment is not complete at this time, from pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis, etc., and to develop nephritis, the final development of uremia.
Introduced more than six men will know prostatitis harm, I believe that many male friends have the appropriate knowledge, showing male prostatitis dangers of the disease for male friends are really big, so the general male friends should pay attention, more attention to the physical and mental health, when there should be early to prostatitis disease hospital for regular examination and treatment.
First, affect sexual function
Lead to impotence, premature ejaculation. As a long-term failure to cure the disease, a variety of symptoms and discomfort in sexual intercourse after the increase, or directly affect sexual feelings and the quality of the patients on a vicious stimulation, gradually shown a dislike of the sexual sense, leading to impotence, premature ejaculation and so on.
Second, the pain
Affect their work and life. As the inflammatory stimulation, produce a series of symptoms, such as lumbar, perineum, testicles and other parts of pain, urinary endless, nocturia, so that patients with irritability, affect the work and life.
Third, affect fertility
Can lead to infertility. Long-term chronic inflammation, so that changes in the prostatic fluid composition, prostate secretory function affected, thereby affecting semen liquefaction time, sperm motility decreased, can lead to male infertility.
4, gynecological inflammation caused by infection spouse
Prostatitis can be transmitted to his wife, in particular infection caused by specific bacteria prostatitis, the inflammation can be transmitted through sexual means to his wife. Such as fungal prostatitis, trichomonas prostatitis, gonorrhea, prostatitis, non-gonococcal (chlamydia, mycoplasma) prostatitis.
5, resulting in endocrine disorders
Induced psychosis. Normally, the prostate that secrete a variety of active substances. As the prostate inflammation, endocrine disorders, can cause a nervous breakdown, so that the spirit of an exception; may appear insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, slow thinking, memory loss and other symptoms.
6, leading to chronic nephritis
Development of uremia. Prostatitis if not treated, can lead to benign prostatic hyperplasia, bladder outlet to the oppression, so that urine can not be completely empty, there urine. Residual urine is a good medium for bacterial growth, combined with bladder mucosa defense mechanism, it is easy to cause urinary tract infections such as pyelonephritis, such as the treatment is not complete at this time, from pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis, etc., and to develop nephritis, the final development of uremia.
Introduced more than six men will know prostatitis harm, I believe that many male friends have the appropriate knowledge, showing male prostatitis dangers of the disease for male friends are really big, so the general male friends should pay attention, more attention to the physical and mental health, when there should be early to prostatitis disease hospital for regular examination and treatment.
Do not ignore the issue of prostate cancer 3
More than 50 years of age neglect physical examination. Cancer does not come overnight to us, when his wife advised her husband of 50 years should start an annual physical, we must accept this proposal. Prostate cancer is found early one day be able to cure the disease as early as one day, so be sure to insist on physical examination.
Have natural erections before the morning, it seems not so hard the past; ago always a sense Shuidaotianliang, now get up in the night to urinate frequently with little but ... ... of prostate cancer, the struggle of a common diseases of Western men, in recent years Asians in the frequency has also been increased.
In the Associated Press reported Sept. 18 in Santa Monica, California Prostate Cancer Foundation, experts point out that prostate cancer is now high in the global men may have overlooked some details of life caused by:
More than 50 years of age neglect physical examination. Cancer does not come overnight to us, when his wife advised her husband of 50 years should start an annual physical, we must accept this proposal. Prostate cancer is found early one day be able to cure the disease as early as one day, so be sure to insist on physical examination.
Sedentary and high-fat diet. Chicago Prostate Cancer Center oncologist Dr. said: "In the past Asians suffering from prostate cancer is very low, and now their prevalence is almost the same with us, and we think this is a modern high-fat diet and the long habit life due to sitting immobile. "Studies have confirmed that lack of exercise and unhealthy diet may induce prostate cancer.
Ignore early symptoms. Early symptoms of prostate cancer is not obvious, most notably frequent urination at night, and urinating, are burning; in sex often, erectile dysfunction, and the pain ejaculation, semen blood; lower back, buttocks and thigh, often of pain or stiffness. These genital symptoms are not caused by the natural decline, frequent male should be considered when doing system checks.
Cleveland Hospital, Urology specialist Ailikeke Ryan pointed out that about 90% of prostate cancer is found in the local disease stage, and five years later, nearly 100 percent cure rate. Therefore, find an experienced doctor to determine the patient's condition may not only cure diseases, but also to ensure a normal sex life, but no sperm injection.
Have natural erections before the morning, it seems not so hard the past; ago always a sense Shuidaotianliang, now get up in the night to urinate frequently with little but ... ... of prostate cancer, the struggle of a common diseases of Western men, in recent years Asians in the frequency has also been increased.
In the Associated Press reported Sept. 18 in Santa Monica, California Prostate Cancer Foundation, experts point out that prostate cancer is now high in the global men may have overlooked some details of life caused by:
More than 50 years of age neglect physical examination. Cancer does not come overnight to us, when his wife advised her husband of 50 years should start an annual physical, we must accept this proposal. Prostate cancer is found early one day be able to cure the disease as early as one day, so be sure to insist on physical examination.
Sedentary and high-fat diet. Chicago Prostate Cancer Center oncologist Dr. said: "In the past Asians suffering from prostate cancer is very low, and now their prevalence is almost the same with us, and we think this is a modern high-fat diet and the long habit life due to sitting immobile. "Studies have confirmed that lack of exercise and unhealthy diet may induce prostate cancer.
Ignore early symptoms. Early symptoms of prostate cancer is not obvious, most notably frequent urination at night, and urinating, are burning; in sex often, erectile dysfunction, and the pain ejaculation, semen blood; lower back, buttocks and thigh, often of pain or stiffness. These genital symptoms are not caused by the natural decline, frequent male should be considered when doing system checks.
Cleveland Hospital, Urology specialist Ailikeke Ryan pointed out that about 90% of prostate cancer is found in the local disease stage, and five years later, nearly 100 percent cure rate. Therefore, find an experienced doctor to determine the patient's condition may not only cure diseases, but also to ensure a normal sex life, but no sperm injection.
Do not ignore the issue of prostate cancer 3
More than 50 years of age neglect physical examination. Cancer does not come overnight to us, when his wife advised her husband of 50 years should start an annual physical, we must accept this proposal. Prostate cancer is found early one day be able to cure the disease as early as one day, so be sure to insist on physical examination.
Have natural erections before the morning, it seems not so hard the past; ago always a sense Shuidaotianliang, now get up in the night to urinate frequently with little but ... ... of prostate cancer, the struggle of a common diseases of Western men, in recent years Asians in the frequency has also been increased.
In the Associated Press reported Sept. 18 in Santa Monica, California Prostate Cancer Foundation, experts point out that prostate cancer is now high in the global men may have overlooked some details of life caused by:
More than 50 years of age neglect physical examination. Cancer does not come overnight to us, when his wife advised her husband of 50 years should start an annual physical, we must accept this proposal. Prostate cancer is found early one day be able to cure the disease as early as one day, so be sure to insist on physical examination.
Sedentary and high-fat diet. Chicago Prostate Cancer Center oncologist Dr. said: "In the past Asians suffering from prostate cancer is very low, and now their prevalence is almost the same with us, and we think this is a modern high-fat diet and the long habit life due to sitting immobile. "Studies have confirmed that lack of exercise and unhealthy diet may induce prostate cancer.
Ignore early symptoms. Early symptoms of prostate cancer is not obvious, most notably frequent urination at night, and urinating, are burning; in sex often, erectile dysfunction, and the pain ejaculation, semen blood; lower back, buttocks and thigh, often of pain or stiffness. These genital symptoms are not caused by the natural decline, frequent male should be considered when doing system checks.
Cleveland Hospital, Urology specialist Ailikeke Ryan pointed out that about 90% of prostate cancer is found in the local disease stage, and five years later, nearly 100 percent cure rate. Therefore, find an experienced doctor to determine the patient's condition may not only cure diseases, but also to ensure a normal sex life, but no sperm injection.
Have natural erections before the morning, it seems not so hard the past; ago always a sense Shuidaotianliang, now get up in the night to urinate frequently with little but ... ... of prostate cancer, the struggle of a common diseases of Western men, in recent years Asians in the frequency has also been increased.
In the Associated Press reported Sept. 18 in Santa Monica, California Prostate Cancer Foundation, experts point out that prostate cancer is now high in the global men may have overlooked some details of life caused by:
More than 50 years of age neglect physical examination. Cancer does not come overnight to us, when his wife advised her husband of 50 years should start an annual physical, we must accept this proposal. Prostate cancer is found early one day be able to cure the disease as early as one day, so be sure to insist on physical examination.
Sedentary and high-fat diet. Chicago Prostate Cancer Center oncologist Dr. said: "In the past Asians suffering from prostate cancer is very low, and now their prevalence is almost the same with us, and we think this is a modern high-fat diet and the long habit life due to sitting immobile. "Studies have confirmed that lack of exercise and unhealthy diet may induce prostate cancer.
Ignore early symptoms. Early symptoms of prostate cancer is not obvious, most notably frequent urination at night, and urinating, are burning; in sex often, erectile dysfunction, and the pain ejaculation, semen blood; lower back, buttocks and thigh, often of pain or stiffness. These genital symptoms are not caused by the natural decline, frequent male should be considered when doing system checks.
Cleveland Hospital, Urology specialist Ailikeke Ryan pointed out that about 90% of prostate cancer is found in the local disease stage, and five years later, nearly 100 percent cure rate. Therefore, find an experienced doctor to determine the patient's condition may not only cure diseases, but also to ensure a normal sex life, but no sperm injection.
Friday, July 16, 2010
After cervical dislocation should be treated?
1, damage mainly of early non-surgical treatment: generally use the pillow with a traction jaw, take a neutral position, pulling the weight of 2 ~ 3kg, traction for 2 to 3 weeks, and then use the fixed jaw neck 2 to 3 months. If the instability evident, then fixed with a plaster head and neck chest properly.
2 surgery: spinal cord compression injury in the early segment of any specific level, by non-surgical treatment and post-performance ineffective cervical instability and a possible spinal cord surgery there caught.
To anterior cervical decompression as the preferred method of cervical injury due to stretching caused by spinal cord compression occurs in more anterior. Operation can be taken from the iliac bone allograft or fixed stock. The choice of surgery based on dynamic segments of films and MRI images, if necessary, also with myelography.
2 surgery: spinal cord compression injury in the early segment of any specific level, by non-surgical treatment and post-performance ineffective cervical instability and a possible spinal cord surgery there caught.
To anterior cervical decompression as the preferred method of cervical injury due to stretching caused by spinal cord compression occurs in more anterior. Operation can be taken from the iliac bone allograft or fixed stock. The choice of surgery based on dynamic segments of films and MRI images, if necessary, also with myelography.
What should be done after the dislocation of cervical check?
1, X-ray in the cervical violence disappear, because of neck muscle contraction, dislocation of the cervical spine may be ordered back to normal, so ordinary X-ray can show signs of as normal. However, the structure may occur after a small fracture pieces. Thickened prevertebral soft tissue swelling. Intervertebral space in front of the opening increases, the front edge of vertebral body avulsion fracture can occur.
In flexion and extension dynamic lateral view, the injured segments showed marked instability, particularly in the extended position, upper body posterior shift, this injury is just the opposite with the buckling, the latter mainly for the upper vertebral body forward flexion shift.
2 Magnetic resonance imaging as a high rate of spinal cord injury, magnetic resonance images can show edema in the spinal cord damaged plane, signal enhancement. Cross-section image shows the spinal cord gray and white matter boundaries blurred. In addition, they can still show the rear facet joint capsule impaired.
In flexion and extension dynamic lateral view, the injured segments showed marked instability, particularly in the extended position, upper body posterior shift, this injury is just the opposite with the buckling, the latter mainly for the upper vertebral body forward flexion shift.
2 Magnetic resonance imaging as a high rate of spinal cord injury, magnetic resonance images can show edema in the spinal cord damaged plane, signal enhancement. Cross-section image shows the spinal cord gray and white matter boundaries blurred. In addition, they can still show the rear facet joint capsule impaired.
After cervical dislocation caused by the reasons?
Acting on the surface, the amount and the cheek of violence, can produce cervical hyperextension activities. When the violence over anterior muscles and the anterior longitudinal ligament of the tension, the cervical extreme hyperextension. Since the body is relatively stable, the following vertebra C7 do not shift with the activities of the neck, the cervical lordosis will have the level of the Department of shear force. This level of shear force and the joint action of hyperextension of violence before the ligament can tear. As the violence continued, can cause rupture disc, rear Ozeki Yang Shen, joint capsule tear, as well as in the previous section next section of the lower edge of vertebral body vertebral body while sliding backwards on the edge of the typical posterior dislocation. Dislocation segment spinal deformation and spinal cord can be moved back from the front of the vertebral and lower section of the lamina of vertebral compression and injury of the upper edge of each other. In addition, the rupture of the posterior longitudinal ligament, intervertebral disc protrusion and the yellow ligament after the fold may constitute the spinal cord injury. Violence disappears, sometimes immediately reset.
Eight out of misunderstanding of breast cancer
Misunderstanding 1: a family history of breast cancer in women may have.
Fact: In the women diagnosed with breast cancer, 70% of women without significant disease risk factors.
However, if the first-degree relatives (including mother, sister or daughter) was suffering from breast cancer, then the person suffering from a doubling of the risk of breast cancer. Family history of parents have equally important effects on women.
Misunderstanding 2: wear bra will increase the risk of breast cancer.
Fact: Many people pointed out that the bra would be oppression breast lymphatic system, resulting in toxin accumulation induced breast cancer, this statement has been widely confirmed to be unscientific.
Misunderstanding 3: breast augmentation surgery may lead to breast cancer.
Facts: Female breast augmentation will not increase the risk of breast cancer. However, these women need to increase the physical examination of breast X-rays.
Mistakes 4: small female breasts small risk of cancer.
Fact: Breast size has nothing to do with the risk of breast cancer. Particularly large breasts may mean that difficult to accept checks only, and not related risk of cancer.
Misunderstanding 5: If the probability of major illness itself, can only wait for the appearance of disease symptoms.
Fact: Women can be proactive in reducing the risk of breast cancer, such as maintaining body weight and avoid obesity; to maintain regular exercise; reduce or eliminate alcohol intake; regular check breast health; smoking cessation.
Misunderstanding 6: Breast cancer always in the form of mass.
Facts: lumps may indicate breast cancer, but disease symptoms more than that: the breast or nipple pain, breast swelling, skin irritation or depression, the nipple inward contraction.
Misunderstanding 7: Most breast lumps are cancerous.
Facts: About 80% of benign breast lumps by variation, cysts or other conditions resulting. In any case, the doctor recommended breast lumps should be in place for inspection as soon as possible.
Mistakes 8: removal of breast cancer on no.
Fact: mastectomy can greatly reduce the risk of cancer, but can not be completely avoided. Sometimes the scars began to illness, or the original cancer cell proliferation.
Fact: In the women diagnosed with breast cancer, 70% of women without significant disease risk factors.
However, if the first-degree relatives (including mother, sister or daughter) was suffering from breast cancer, then the person suffering from a doubling of the risk of breast cancer. Family history of parents have equally important effects on women.
Misunderstanding 2: wear bra will increase the risk of breast cancer.
Fact: Many people pointed out that the bra would be oppression breast lymphatic system, resulting in toxin accumulation induced breast cancer, this statement has been widely confirmed to be unscientific.
Misunderstanding 3: breast augmentation surgery may lead to breast cancer.
Facts: Female breast augmentation will not increase the risk of breast cancer. However, these women need to increase the physical examination of breast X-rays.
Mistakes 4: small female breasts small risk of cancer.
Fact: Breast size has nothing to do with the risk of breast cancer. Particularly large breasts may mean that difficult to accept checks only, and not related risk of cancer.
Misunderstanding 5: If the probability of major illness itself, can only wait for the appearance of disease symptoms.
Fact: Women can be proactive in reducing the risk of breast cancer, such as maintaining body weight and avoid obesity; to maintain regular exercise; reduce or eliminate alcohol intake; regular check breast health; smoking cessation.
Misunderstanding 6: Breast cancer always in the form of mass.
Facts: lumps may indicate breast cancer, but disease symptoms more than that: the breast or nipple pain, breast swelling, skin irritation or depression, the nipple inward contraction.
Misunderstanding 7: Most breast lumps are cancerous.
Facts: About 80% of benign breast lumps by variation, cysts or other conditions resulting. In any case, the doctor recommended breast lumps should be in place for inspection as soon as possible.
Mistakes 8: removal of breast cancer on no.
Fact: mastectomy can greatly reduce the risk of cancer, but can not be completely avoided. Sometimes the scars began to illness, or the original cancer cell proliferation.
At high risk of ectopic pregnancy which
Each mothers during pregnancy is always very careful, however, the process of pregnancy, there will be some unexpected events, so that mothers have panic. In fact, as long as the process of pregnancy, went for medical treatment as soon as possible Yes, but the mothers themselves have unusual circumstances of these preliminary concept, to know how to react in an emergency! This will give you insight emerged frequently during pregnancy of 13 large, went to you at any time ready for possible challenges.
Ectopic pregnancy often occurred during the
Often occurred in the period expired 2 to 4 weeks, many people will not notice, most of stomach pain after medical treatment that had ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, if the next time period expired, consult a doctor promptly.
Causes
Ectopic pregnancy, tubal inflammation associated with general terms, mainly due to blocked fallopian tubes, resulting in embryo implantation and development of areas not in the normal uterus, but outside the uterus, such as fallopian tube, ovary, abdominal cavity and so on. This position of embryonic development not only because, not healthy growth, it will also cause the mother's disease and injury, need to be addressed as active disease.
High risk of ectopic pregnancy were as follows:
A past pelvic inflammatory disease cases were;
2 previous cases of ectopic pregnancy occurred;
3 intrauterine contraceptive devices who have installed;
4 who had received artificial reproductive technology, or did tubal surgery.
Ectopic pregnancy often occurred during the
Often occurred in the period expired 2 to 4 weeks, many people will not notice, most of stomach pain after medical treatment that had ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, if the next time period expired, consult a doctor promptly.
Causes
Ectopic pregnancy, tubal inflammation associated with general terms, mainly due to blocked fallopian tubes, resulting in embryo implantation and development of areas not in the normal uterus, but outside the uterus, such as fallopian tube, ovary, abdominal cavity and so on. This position of embryonic development not only because, not healthy growth, it will also cause the mother's disease and injury, need to be addressed as active disease.
High risk of ectopic pregnancy were as follows:
A past pelvic inflammatory disease cases were;
2 previous cases of ectopic pregnancy occurred;
3 intrauterine contraceptive devices who have installed;
4 who had received artificial reproductive technology, or did tubal surgery.
Thursday, July 15, 2010
What is the maintenance treatment of gastric ulcer?
Peptic ulcer and its complications that (GU) and duodenal ulcer (DU), its incidence and gastric acid and pepsin digestion of the role of the, so called peptic ulcer. Patients often due to fatigue, stress, alcohol consumption, improper diet-induced, according to different ulcer sites, and showed empty abdominal pain, night pain, or postprandial pain.
Peptic ulcer disease is a common disease, an estimated 10% of people will be troubled by stomach or duodenal ulcer. The occurrence of peptic ulcer was mainly due to increased gastric acid secretion caused. Helicobacter pylori infection can destroy the protective mucosal barrier, is also an important pathogenic factor in peptic ulcer.
In peptic ulcer patients, young people with duodenal ulcers were more common than gastric ulcers more common for older people. Alternately in the winter season, is also a high incidence of the disease.
Peptic ulcer is a typical psychosomatic disease areas, optimistic mood, patterns of life, avoid excessive stress and fatigue on the prevention and treatment are very important.
When the ulcer is bleeding as hematemesis and melena performance, amount of bleeding is large, can cause a range of systemic symptoms such as dizziness, exhaustion, etc.; if the merger of perforation, after a meal is mostly sustained sudden severe abdominal pain, have such symptoms need to be rushed to hospital for emergency treatment.
Duodenal ulcer usually requires regular treatment for 4 weeks to 6 weeks, gastric ulcers require treatment for 6 weeks to 8 weeks. During treatment must avoid "in fits and starts" approach.
In addition to regular drug treatment, prevention and maintenance treatment of peptic ulcer is very important. If the patient through the treatment of symptoms, the neglect of prevention and maintenance treatment, most are easy to relapse. Bad mood, rest abnormal, irregular diet, smoking, drinking, drug abuse (such as aspirin, indomethacin, Phenylbutazone and prednisone, dexamethasone and other steroid drugs) is a predisposing factor, should be care to avoid.
Peptic ulcer disease is a common disease, an estimated 10% of people will be troubled by stomach or duodenal ulcer. The occurrence of peptic ulcer was mainly due to increased gastric acid secretion caused. Helicobacter pylori infection can destroy the protective mucosal barrier, is also an important pathogenic factor in peptic ulcer.
In peptic ulcer patients, young people with duodenal ulcers were more common than gastric ulcers more common for older people. Alternately in the winter season, is also a high incidence of the disease.
Peptic ulcer is a typical psychosomatic disease areas, optimistic mood, patterns of life, avoid excessive stress and fatigue on the prevention and treatment are very important.
When the ulcer is bleeding as hematemesis and melena performance, amount of bleeding is large, can cause a range of systemic symptoms such as dizziness, exhaustion, etc.; if the merger of perforation, after a meal is mostly sustained sudden severe abdominal pain, have such symptoms need to be rushed to hospital for emergency treatment.
Duodenal ulcer usually requires regular treatment for 4 weeks to 6 weeks, gastric ulcers require treatment for 6 weeks to 8 weeks. During treatment must avoid "in fits and starts" approach.
In addition to regular drug treatment, prevention and maintenance treatment of peptic ulcer is very important. If the patient through the treatment of symptoms, the neglect of prevention and maintenance treatment, most are easy to relapse. Bad mood, rest abnormal, irregular diet, smoking, drinking, drug abuse (such as aspirin, indomethacin, Phenylbutazone and prednisone, dexamethasone and other steroid drugs) is a predisposing factor, should be care to avoid.
Oryzanol can be the treatment of chronic gastritis
Oryzanol used in autonomic dysfunction, premenstrual stress disorder and menopausal syndrome and other diseases, clinical application in recent years that several gastrointestinal oryzanol treatment of common diseases have better results.
1. Gastric ulcer: a broad-spectrum anti-ulcer disease oryzanol effect on the stress ulcer, pyloric ligation ulcer, traumatic ulcer and so inhibit.
2. Irritable Bowel Syndrome: also known as allergic colitis. Showed recurrent episodes of abdominal pain, bowel movement before the increase, after it is reduced, less defecation, often mucus. Diarrhea or constipation may alternate attack. Some 30 patients treated with oryzanol, began daily service oryzanol is 100 mg 3 times a day, 200 mg daily after 4 weeks, twice a day, serving a total of 6 weeks and then stopped, and achieved good results . The researchers believe that by regulating the autonomic nerve function oryzanol, improve bowel function and systemic symptoms of autonomic dysfunction to remission.
3. Chronic gastritis: gastric mucosa is non-specific chronic inflammation as the main pathological changes of chronic gastritis. Some people with chronic gastritis, 739 cases of oryzanol daily dose of 300 mg daily for 3 times, 3-4 weeks of treatment. Result, the total effective rate 92.53%.
4. Gastroptosis: gastroptosis is the X-ray barium meal examination in the position lower than those found in the stomach. Patients may be in the postprandial gastric distention or no regularity, sometimes accompanied by nausea, belching, vomiting or constipation. The patient was given oral gastroptosis oryzanol, 70 mg daily, for 3 weeks after symptom improvement and improvement of clinical judgments were 78% and 85%, while only 14% taking placebo and 52%.
1. Gastric ulcer: a broad-spectrum anti-ulcer disease oryzanol effect on the stress ulcer, pyloric ligation ulcer, traumatic ulcer and so inhibit.
2. Irritable Bowel Syndrome: also known as allergic colitis. Showed recurrent episodes of abdominal pain, bowel movement before the increase, after it is reduced, less defecation, often mucus. Diarrhea or constipation may alternate attack. Some 30 patients treated with oryzanol, began daily service oryzanol is 100 mg 3 times a day, 200 mg daily after 4 weeks, twice a day, serving a total of 6 weeks and then stopped, and achieved good results . The researchers believe that by regulating the autonomic nerve function oryzanol, improve bowel function and systemic symptoms of autonomic dysfunction to remission.
3. Chronic gastritis: gastric mucosa is non-specific chronic inflammation as the main pathological changes of chronic gastritis. Some people with chronic gastritis, 739 cases of oryzanol daily dose of 300 mg daily for 3 times, 3-4 weeks of treatment. Result, the total effective rate 92.53%.
4. Gastroptosis: gastroptosis is the X-ray barium meal examination in the position lower than those found in the stomach. Patients may be in the postprandial gastric distention or no regularity, sometimes accompanied by nausea, belching, vomiting or constipation. The patient was given oral gastroptosis oryzanol, 70 mg daily, for 3 weeks after symptom improvement and improvement of clinical judgments were 78% and 85%, while only 14% taking placebo and 52%.
How the anti-acid stomach is always going on?
My father was suffering from stomach 6 years, most recently after a meal and night in the anti-acid, "heartburn" increase, he thought it was old and sick recurrence, ate some on his stomach. The beginning is also some effect, but later symptoms gradually worsened, and sometimes acid straight into the mouth, sleep well all night, even feel. I ask: This is how it?
Anti-acid, "heartburn" can not be underestimated, because it is likely to be reflux esophagitis in the "cause trouble." Disease, such as lack of timely, effective treatment, long-term pain will be body, mind and cause great harm, and even induce the risk of esophageal cancer. Clinical findings, 60-80% of reflux esophagitis in young patients, which is modern work pressure, mental stress and life is not about the law. Reflux esophagitis is a kind of upper gastrointestinal movement disorders, stomach and duodenal contents reflux into the esophagus and esophageal inflammation caused by clinical symptoms of a disease, the incidence rate in the second most in the digestive system disease in chronic gastritis and ulcer disease, the third largest. Long-term mental stress and little more than sit move, smoking, alcohol and other unhealthy lifestyle can easily lead to dysfunction of nervous regulation of digestive system, esophagus and stomach junction to the "valve" - sphincter relaxation, resulting in not properly shut down after eating, resulting in reflux. As the stomach ph value of about 3 and a high acid environment, poor esophageal acid, can not afford the high-acid reflux into the substance of the stimulus, which results in acid reflux, "Heartburn," a series of symptoms such as vomiting. Prolonged period, it can also occur in esophageal erosion, ulcers, bleeding, hardening, narrowing and other diseases, and might develop into esophageal cancer.
Many patients with stomach and reflux esophagitis patients will show signs of acid reflux, "heartburn" symptoms, but the two are different in essence. Gastritis and acid reflux, "Heartburn" is a result of excessive secretion of gastric acid into the esophagus caused discomfort, not by the stomach and the esophagus between the "Valve" relaxation caused. In addition, gastritis, ulcer disease and pain generally, anti-acid, "heartburn" supplement. The reflux esophagitis Zeyi acid reflux, "heartburn" as the main performance, it was due to "valve" to relax, so that the high stomach acids reflux into the esophagus caused by acid reflux often to the mouth, is unbearable.
As more of gastric contents after a meal, night muscles, nerves are relaxed state lead to "valve" more relaxed, plus the loss of gastric contents when lying down gravity, the reflux of acid reflux esophagitis, "Heartburn" in rice and night after the increase, people no peace.
Anti-acid, "heartburn" can not be underestimated, because it is likely to be reflux esophagitis in the "cause trouble." Disease, such as lack of timely, effective treatment, long-term pain will be body, mind and cause great harm, and even induce the risk of esophageal cancer. Clinical findings, 60-80% of reflux esophagitis in young patients, which is modern work pressure, mental stress and life is not about the law. Reflux esophagitis is a kind of upper gastrointestinal movement disorders, stomach and duodenal contents reflux into the esophagus and esophageal inflammation caused by clinical symptoms of a disease, the incidence rate in the second most in the digestive system disease in chronic gastritis and ulcer disease, the third largest. Long-term mental stress and little more than sit move, smoking, alcohol and other unhealthy lifestyle can easily lead to dysfunction of nervous regulation of digestive system, esophagus and stomach junction to the "valve" - sphincter relaxation, resulting in not properly shut down after eating, resulting in reflux. As the stomach ph value of about 3 and a high acid environment, poor esophageal acid, can not afford the high-acid reflux into the substance of the stimulus, which results in acid reflux, "Heartburn," a series of symptoms such as vomiting. Prolonged period, it can also occur in esophageal erosion, ulcers, bleeding, hardening, narrowing and other diseases, and might develop into esophageal cancer.
Many patients with stomach and reflux esophagitis patients will show signs of acid reflux, "heartburn" symptoms, but the two are different in essence. Gastritis and acid reflux, "Heartburn" is a result of excessive secretion of gastric acid into the esophagus caused discomfort, not by the stomach and the esophagus between the "Valve" relaxation caused. In addition, gastritis, ulcer disease and pain generally, anti-acid, "heartburn" supplement. The reflux esophagitis Zeyi acid reflux, "heartburn" as the main performance, it was due to "valve" to relax, so that the high stomach acids reflux into the esophagus caused by acid reflux often to the mouth, is unbearable.
As more of gastric contents after a meal, night muscles, nerves are relaxed state lead to "valve" more relaxed, plus the loss of gastric contents when lying down gravity, the reflux of acid reflux esophagitis, "Heartburn" in rice and night after the increase, people no peace.
How to escape from recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease
Currently, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease has no specific effective treatment, experts say, should the main measures of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is a good rest and avoid fatigue, adequate to take in as anti-inflammatory. Experts remind Western antibiotics ineffective for chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, so if re-infection caused by pelvic inflammatory disease is not acute, do not use, so as not to cause adverse effects such as flora.
Because of recurrent lower abdominal pain to many women in obstetrics and gynecology visits. Very typical symptoms in these patients; to check, and no palpable mass, which is slightly thickened attachment. Such disease, the general diagnosis of "chronic pelvic inflammatory disease."
Pelvic pain caused by many reasons, some patients live unhealthy, or post-abortion early sexual life, there may be no obvious symptoms of latent infection. To diagnose "chronic pelvic inflammatory disease", but also, and endometriosis, abdominal adhesions and other diseases to identify. As many cases the symptoms very typical, so there is a certain differential diagnosis is sometimes difficult.
Easy recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease, then why the repeated pelvic inflammatory disease would be guilty of it? Wu Xiuqin said, pathogens can quickly kill the body's immune system, but the scar formed after infection but take a long time to subside. The so-called pelvic inflammatory disease and "guilty" of not necessarily re-infection, but the formation of adhesions and scar has traction nerve, coupled with pelvic congestion, leading to abdominal pain, bulge, and low back pain.
Experts say, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease usually does not lead to serious consequences, but some patients may be complicated by chronic salpingitis and tubal infertility caused by stagnant water, such patients should be treated by surgery.
Because of recurrent lower abdominal pain to many women in obstetrics and gynecology visits. Very typical symptoms in these patients; to check, and no palpable mass, which is slightly thickened attachment. Such disease, the general diagnosis of "chronic pelvic inflammatory disease."
Pelvic pain caused by many reasons, some patients live unhealthy, or post-abortion early sexual life, there may be no obvious symptoms of latent infection. To diagnose "chronic pelvic inflammatory disease", but also, and endometriosis, abdominal adhesions and other diseases to identify. As many cases the symptoms very typical, so there is a certain differential diagnosis is sometimes difficult.
Easy recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease, then why the repeated pelvic inflammatory disease would be guilty of it? Wu Xiuqin said, pathogens can quickly kill the body's immune system, but the scar formed after infection but take a long time to subside. The so-called pelvic inflammatory disease and "guilty" of not necessarily re-infection, but the formation of adhesions and scar has traction nerve, coupled with pelvic congestion, leading to abdominal pain, bulge, and low back pain.
Experts say, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease usually does not lead to serious consequences, but some patients may be complicated by chronic salpingitis and tubal infertility caused by stagnant water, such patients should be treated by surgery.
Ectopic pregnancy in high-risk group which
Each mothers during pregnancy is always very careful, however, the process of pregnancy, there will be some unexpected events, so that mothers have panic. In fact, as long as the process of pregnancy, went for medical treatment as soon as possible Yes, but the mothers themselves should also have these unusual cases the initial concept, to know how to react in an emergency! This will give you insight emerged frequently during pregnancy of 13 large, went to you at any time ready for possible challenges.
Ectopic pregnancy often occurred during the
Often occurred in the period expired 2 to 4 weeks, many people will not notice, most of stomach pain after medical treatment that had ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, if the next time period expired, consult a doctor promptly.
Causes
Ectopic pregnancy, tubal inflammation associated with general terms, mainly due to blocked fallopian tubes, resulting in embryo implantation and development of areas not in the normal uterus, but outside the uterus, such as fallopian tube, ovary, abdominal cavity and so on. This position of embryonic development not only because, not healthy growth, it will also cause the mother's disease and injury, need to be addressed as active disease.
High risk of ectopic pregnancy were as follows:
A past pelvic inflammatory disease cases were;
2 previous cases of ectopic pregnancy occurred;
3 intrauterine contraceptive devices who have installed;
4 who had received artificial reproductive technology, or did tubal surgery.
Ectopic pregnancy often occurred during the
Often occurred in the period expired 2 to 4 weeks, many people will not notice, most of stomach pain after medical treatment that had ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, if the next time period expired, consult a doctor promptly.
Causes
Ectopic pregnancy, tubal inflammation associated with general terms, mainly due to blocked fallopian tubes, resulting in embryo implantation and development of areas not in the normal uterus, but outside the uterus, such as fallopian tube, ovary, abdominal cavity and so on. This position of embryonic development not only because, not healthy growth, it will also cause the mother's disease and injury, need to be addressed as active disease.
High risk of ectopic pregnancy were as follows:
A past pelvic inflammatory disease cases were;
2 previous cases of ectopic pregnancy occurred;
3 intrauterine contraceptive devices who have installed;
4 who had received artificial reproductive technology, or did tubal surgery.
Wednesday, July 14, 2010
Overview of pyelonephritis and incentives
Pyelonephritis-induced factors are:
(1), poor urine flow: to encourage breeding Erzhi ascending infection of pathogens, such as polycystic kidney disease, kidney stones, kidney cancer, renal ptosis, ureter or lower urinary tract stones, tumors, pregnancy, neurogenic bladder, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral stricture Deng Jun easy to induce the disease.
(2) bladder - urinary reflux lose; mean voiding urine reflux from the bladder through the urethra to lose abnormal pelvis, such as the bladder and ureter bottom of the triangular muscle tone low, normal or inflammatory bladder over-filling can cause bladder - ureteral reflux, induced infection.
(3) low body resistance decreased: systemic diseases such as diabetes, may predispose to this disease.
4) urinary tract surgery or equipment operation; urinary tract surgery, such as urethral dilatation, cystoscopy, catheterization, especially indwelling catheter for more than four days, up to 90%.
(5) sex: sex as female urethra when pressure retraction, wound or urinary tract is too short, anterior urethral bacteria susceptible to infection by direct squeeze into the bladder Er Zhi.
(1), poor urine flow: to encourage breeding Erzhi ascending infection of pathogens, such as polycystic kidney disease, kidney stones, kidney cancer, renal ptosis, ureter or lower urinary tract stones, tumors, pregnancy, neurogenic bladder, prostatic hyperplasia, urethral stricture Deng Jun easy to induce the disease.
(2) bladder - urinary reflux lose; mean voiding urine reflux from the bladder through the urethra to lose abnormal pelvis, such as the bladder and ureter bottom of the triangular muscle tone low, normal or inflammatory bladder over-filling can cause bladder - ureteral reflux, induced infection.
(3) low body resistance decreased: systemic diseases such as diabetes, may predispose to this disease.
4) urinary tract surgery or equipment operation; urinary tract surgery, such as urethral dilatation, cystoscopy, catheterization, especially indwelling catheter for more than four days, up to 90%.
(5) sex: sex as female urethra when pressure retraction, wound or urinary tract is too short, anterior urethral bacteria susceptible to infection by direct squeeze into the bladder Er Zhi.
Clinical classification of latent glomerulonephritis type
1. Asymptomatic hematuria urine only hematuria, no proteinuria, most of the deformation of red blood cells in urine red blood cell. Generally microscopic hematuria, showed a persistent or recurrent nature. Some patients with strenuous exercise, fever, etc. can occur when a transient gross hematuria, and in a short time away. Sometimes unconventional normal. More common in children and young people. Laboratory blood test, ESR, platelets, the clotting time, liver and kidney functions were normal. Pathological changes are mainly IgA nephropathy, and other pathological types of non-IgA mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, focal glomerulonephritis, thin basement membrane nephropathy.
2. Asymptomatic hematuria and proteinuria associated with clinical manifestations of hematuria proteinuria, is common in progressive glomerular disease, can be found in a variety of primary glomerular disease. Such as glomerular minimal change, mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, focal proliferative glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, and even in early membranous nephropathy. Clinically, hypertension, edema, renal dysfunction performance, easy to misdiagnosis.
3. Asymptomatic proteinuria more common in young men, showed persistent proteinuria, urinary protein normally 2g / d less, mainly to albumin. Urine normal, no edema, high blood pressure of clinical manifestations, renal function and other biochemical tests were normal. No pathological lesions may also occur in different types of glomerular diseases such as membranous nephropathy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, minimal change nephropathy, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, and even some of the IgA early nephropathy.
2. Asymptomatic hematuria and proteinuria associated with clinical manifestations of hematuria proteinuria, is common in progressive glomerular disease, can be found in a variety of primary glomerular disease. Such as glomerular minimal change, mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, focal proliferative glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, and even in early membranous nephropathy. Clinically, hypertension, edema, renal dysfunction performance, easy to misdiagnosis.
3. Asymptomatic proteinuria more common in young men, showed persistent proteinuria, urinary protein normally 2g / d less, mainly to albumin. Urine normal, no edema, high blood pressure of clinical manifestations, renal function and other biochemical tests were normal. No pathological lesions may also occur in different types of glomerular diseases such as membranous nephropathy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, minimal change nephropathy, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, and even some of the IgA early nephropathy.
Latent nephritis treated?
There is no definite latent nephritis effective treatment, usually the control and prevention should be actively induced factors, especially the upper respiratory tract infection or virus infection, removal of foci in order to reduce the incentive for worsening nephritis. Avoid over exertion to minimize the recurrence of the disease. Avoid the use of various drugs have kidney damage, for those after long-term follow-up, a small amount of urine proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, patients with normal renal function, immunosuppressive therapy plus hormone trial, can be achieved certain results. Other drugs, such as dipyridamole and Chinese medicine can also choose to apply under the condition. Some showed only microscopic hematuria, no drug treatment, may continue to observe, many people may be self-healing.
Tuesday, July 13, 2010
How the differential diagnosis of breast hyperplasia?
Mammary glands in patients with clinical manifestations of atypical or if there is no apparent premenstrual breast tenderness, and showed that breast tumors, especially unilateral single, hard lumps, breast fibroadenoma and should be differentiated from breast cancer.
(1) mammary glands with breast fibroadenoma: both can see breast lumps, single or multiple, real tough texture. Mammary glands of the breast lumps are mostly bilateral multiple, tumor sizes, nodular, massive or granular films, generally soft texture also was hard and tough, sometimes unilateral single person, but more associated with premenstrual breast tenderness, is also inconsistent with a sense of pain, and breast tumor the size of the characters may occur with menstruation and cyclical changes in the young age of onset was more; breast fibroadenoma of breast lumps are mostly single-sided fat mass were round or oval, clear boundary, range of large, tough texture of the general fact, there are multiple tumors, but in general no breast tenderness, menstrual breast or only mild discomfort, no tenderness, breast tumor the size of the characters had no menstrual cycle because of changes in patients over the age of 30 years of age, 20 to 25 years old up to see. In addition, the breast X-ray mammography, the breast fibroadenoma Changbiaoxianwei round or oval homogeneous density in the shadow of its unique circular transparent halo, can also serve as an important basis for the differential diagnosis.
(2) of the mammary glands and breast cancer: both can see breast lumps. However, mammary glands of the breast lumps are generally more soft texture, or medium hardness, mass mostly bilateral multiple sizes and can be nodular, massive or granular films, activities, and no adhesion of skin and surrounding tissues, tumor the size of the characters often change with the menstrual cycle and mood change with, and slow-growing tumor, occurs in young women; breast cancer breast lumps generally hard texture, and some hard as stone, mostly unilateral solitary tumor The mass can be rounded, oval or irregular in shape, can grow to great activity and deteriorating happened with the skin and surrounding tissue adhesion, mass and independent of the menstrual cycle and mood changes, rapid growth in a short time large, occur in middle aged women. In addition, the breast X-ray mammography, the breast mass in Changbiaoxianwei, small calcifications, abnormal vascular shadow and burr, etc., can also help diagnosis. Needle aspiration in breast lumps can be found atypical cells. Final diagnosis is pathological test results in order to prevail.
(1) mammary glands with breast fibroadenoma: both can see breast lumps, single or multiple, real tough texture. Mammary glands of the breast lumps are mostly bilateral multiple, tumor sizes, nodular, massive or granular films, generally soft texture also was hard and tough, sometimes unilateral single person, but more associated with premenstrual breast tenderness, is also inconsistent with a sense of pain, and breast tumor the size of the characters may occur with menstruation and cyclical changes in the young age of onset was more; breast fibroadenoma of breast lumps are mostly single-sided fat mass were round or oval, clear boundary, range of large, tough texture of the general fact, there are multiple tumors, but in general no breast tenderness, menstrual breast or only mild discomfort, no tenderness, breast tumor the size of the characters had no menstrual cycle because of changes in patients over the age of 30 years of age, 20 to 25 years old up to see. In addition, the breast X-ray mammography, the breast fibroadenoma Changbiaoxianwei round or oval homogeneous density in the shadow of its unique circular transparent halo, can also serve as an important basis for the differential diagnosis.
(2) of the mammary glands and breast cancer: both can see breast lumps. However, mammary glands of the breast lumps are generally more soft texture, or medium hardness, mass mostly bilateral multiple sizes and can be nodular, massive or granular films, activities, and no adhesion of skin and surrounding tissues, tumor the size of the characters often change with the menstrual cycle and mood change with, and slow-growing tumor, occurs in young women; breast cancer breast lumps generally hard texture, and some hard as stone, mostly unilateral solitary tumor The mass can be rounded, oval or irregular in shape, can grow to great activity and deteriorating happened with the skin and surrounding tissue adhesion, mass and independent of the menstrual cycle and mood changes, rapid growth in a short time large, occur in middle aged women. In addition, the breast X-ray mammography, the breast mass in Changbiaoxianwei, small calcifications, abnormal vascular shadow and burr, etc., can also help diagnosis. Needle aspiration in breast lumps can be found atypical cells. Final diagnosis is pathological test results in order to prevail.
Breast cancer proliferation will not change it?
Hyperplasia is a common disease, mostly occurs in women aged 30 to 50. Hyperplasia is a disorder of the breast normal structure. The occurrence of endocrine dysfunction, decreased secretion of progesterone, estrogen increased the relative. Studies have shown that the histopathological view, is not associated with ductal epithelial hyperplasia simple lobular hyperplasia, accounting for 70% of all breast hyperplasia, breast cancer will not become. Although only a small number of mammary hyperplasia and malignant lesions will occur, but not to the effect, should go to the hospital every 3 months review.
Nipple discharge is common, and some are normal physiological phenomenon, some are a manifestation of systemic disease, but also plenty of local breast lesions as a response. Many diseases, nipple discharge occurs, there is generally summed up in three types: benign and malignant tumors; inflammation; mammary glands. Cancer accounts for 60% -70%, and breast cancer, 1 / 4.
Discharge of traits not directly related with the cause, but bloody, serous, water discharge in the highest incidence of cancer. Thin bloody discharge most of cancer; mucous discharge are mostly benign; and obvious bloody discharge more common intraductal papilloma; purulent discharge system infection caused by more. Because nipple discharge in breast cancer incidence increased as age increased, so women with nipple discharge if the symptoms appeared to be rushed to hospital for treatment.
Nipple discharge is common, and some are normal physiological phenomenon, some are a manifestation of systemic disease, but also plenty of local breast lesions as a response. Many diseases, nipple discharge occurs, there is generally summed up in three types: benign and malignant tumors; inflammation; mammary glands. Cancer accounts for 60% -70%, and breast cancer, 1 / 4.
Discharge of traits not directly related with the cause, but bloody, serous, water discharge in the highest incidence of cancer. Thin bloody discharge most of cancer; mucous discharge are mostly benign; and obvious bloody discharge more common intraductal papilloma; purulent discharge system infection caused by more. Because nipple discharge in breast cancer incidence increased as age increased, so women with nipple discharge if the symptoms appeared to be rushed to hospital for treatment.
Hyperplasia have been former breast tenderness?
Myth # 1: no treatment of breast hyperplasia, every woman has premenstrual breast tenderness.
Perspective: The mammary gland hyperplasia is a typical example of premenstrual breast tenderness, decreased or disappeared by the later. This is not normal. The disease is common, many people not used to diagnose and treat some medical professionals also believe that no treatment is needed to increase the number of breast hyperplasia, or cancer.
Myth # 2: Breast hyperplasia not cure, such as children or postmenopausal naturally enough.
Expert view: recurrent breast hyperplasia because medication alone, not integrated treatment; inadequate treatment, menstrual breast pain improved after the withdrawal; efficacy bad that the non-stop change surgery, which malignancy; beginning misdiagnosed as breast hyperplasia In fact, breast cancer.
With the breast during pregnancy increases breast hyperplasia will increase, breast-feeding improved proliferation will increase after weaning, so that a child will recover after hyperplasia is completely wrong.
Myth # 3: Breast hyperplasia do not rule, can heal.
Expert view: the malignant transformation of normal breast epithelium to a process that hyperplasia - dysplasia (precancerous lesions) - carcinoma in situ - invasive. Clinically, cystic hyperplasia to atypical hyperplasia, histological changes are irreversible, as precancerous lesions.
High incidence of breast cancer proliferation in two age groups: 30 to 40 years for the first peak; 60 to 70 years for the second peak of postmenopausal ovarian function had no ovulation, estrogen is mainly the adrenal glands, and androstene 2 ketones in the fat hormone, liver, kidney, muscle can generate.
Perspective: The mammary gland hyperplasia is a typical example of premenstrual breast tenderness, decreased or disappeared by the later. This is not normal. The disease is common, many people not used to diagnose and treat some medical professionals also believe that no treatment is needed to increase the number of breast hyperplasia, or cancer.
Myth # 2: Breast hyperplasia not cure, such as children or postmenopausal naturally enough.
Expert view: recurrent breast hyperplasia because medication alone, not integrated treatment; inadequate treatment, menstrual breast pain improved after the withdrawal; efficacy bad that the non-stop change surgery, which malignancy; beginning misdiagnosed as breast hyperplasia In fact, breast cancer.
With the breast during pregnancy increases breast hyperplasia will increase, breast-feeding improved proliferation will increase after weaning, so that a child will recover after hyperplasia is completely wrong.
Myth # 3: Breast hyperplasia do not rule, can heal.
Expert view: the malignant transformation of normal breast epithelium to a process that hyperplasia - dysplasia (precancerous lesions) - carcinoma in situ - invasive. Clinically, cystic hyperplasia to atypical hyperplasia, histological changes are irreversible, as precancerous lesions.
High incidence of breast cancer proliferation in two age groups: 30 to 40 years for the first peak; 60 to 70 years for the second peak of postmenopausal ovarian function had no ovulation, estrogen is mainly the adrenal glands, and androstene 2 ketones in the fat hormone, liver, kidney, muscle can generate.
Note the eight control breast hyperplasia
In recent years, with the change of living environment, the rapidly rising incidence of breast hyperplasia, this disease has become a major killer of women in the city. Once the risk of breast hyperplasia, in addition to pain, mass, the patient must have the emotional irritability, anger, fear, etc., physical and functional decline, such as sexual indifference, menstrual disorders, physical decline, frequent urination, etc. multiple partners in the pathological a gynecological disease, endometriosis psychosis.
How to prevent the risk of breast hyperplasia?
1, psychological treatment is very important to the human body hyperplasia psychological harm than damage, lack of correct understanding of the disease, adverse psychological factors too exciting worries sadness caused neurasthenia, will add to endocrine disorders, led hyperplasia of the increase, it should be lifted to different kinds of mental stimulation. Poor people to bear on the mental should note, less angry, maintaining emotional stability, lively, cheerful mood that is conducive to proliferation of early rehabilitation.
2, changing the diet to prevent obesity, eat less fried foods, animal fats, sweets and too much tonic food, should eat more vegetables and fruits, eat coarse grains. Black beans the best, eat walnuts, black sesame, black fungus, mushroom.
3, have rules of life, work and rest, to maintain a harmonious sexual life. Endocrine disorders can be adjusted to maintain smooth stool will reduce breast pain.
4, more exercise to prevent obesity and improve immunity.
5, prohibits the abuse of contraceptives containing estrogen and beauty products, do not eat chicken with estrogen-fed beef.
6, to avoid the crowd, many nursing mothers can take preventive measures.
7, self-examination and regular review.
8, confirm the diagnosis, the condition of patients to develop optimal treatment plans. The current comprehensive treatment of Chinese herbal medicine specialist, a breakthrough was made, the effect is more significant. Such as breast cysts or small length of time after treatment disappeared within 2 weeks. Timely corrective endocrine hyperplasia of the breast, lumps, pain, facial nerve can be removed after treatment of acute mastitis can ease the pain.
How to prevent the risk of breast hyperplasia?
1, psychological treatment is very important to the human body hyperplasia psychological harm than damage, lack of correct understanding of the disease, adverse psychological factors too exciting worries sadness caused neurasthenia, will add to endocrine disorders, led hyperplasia of the increase, it should be lifted to different kinds of mental stimulation. Poor people to bear on the mental should note, less angry, maintaining emotional stability, lively, cheerful mood that is conducive to proliferation of early rehabilitation.
2, changing the diet to prevent obesity, eat less fried foods, animal fats, sweets and too much tonic food, should eat more vegetables and fruits, eat coarse grains. Black beans the best, eat walnuts, black sesame, black fungus, mushroom.
3, have rules of life, work and rest, to maintain a harmonious sexual life. Endocrine disorders can be adjusted to maintain smooth stool will reduce breast pain.
4, more exercise to prevent obesity and improve immunity.
5, prohibits the abuse of contraceptives containing estrogen and beauty products, do not eat chicken with estrogen-fed beef.
6, to avoid the crowd, many nursing mothers can take preventive measures.
7, self-examination and regular review.
8, confirm the diagnosis, the condition of patients to develop optimal treatment plans. The current comprehensive treatment of Chinese herbal medicine specialist, a breakthrough was made, the effect is more significant. Such as breast cysts or small length of time after treatment disappeared within 2 weeks. Timely corrective endocrine hyperplasia of the breast, lumps, pain, facial nerve can be removed after treatment of acute mastitis can ease the pain.
Women are mainly 6 types of breast pain
Many women often feel breast tenderness. Medical workers after a long period of observation and research found that women are mainly six types of breast pain.
First, adolescent breast pain: usually occurs at the age of 9 years old to 13, menarche, the pain will go away.
Second, premenstrual breast pain: There are many women before menstruation breast fullness, hair hard, tenderness of the phenomenon; serious cases by a slight vibration or impact of breast pain will be uncomfortable. This is because by the former increased estrogen levels, breast hyperplasia, breast edema caused by intergovernmental organizations. After menstruation, these changes may disappear.
Third, breast pain during pregnancy: some women during pregnancy about 40 days, because of the placenta, chorionic secretion in estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, resulting in increased breast, breast pain caused by weight from the sustainable throughout the pregnancy, without treatment.
4, postpartum breast pain: 3 days to 7 days postpartum often appear breasts fullness, induration, pain. This is mainly due to retention of breast lymphatic, venous filling and interstitial edema and poor ductal due.
5, breast pain after abortion: a sudden interruption of these because of pregnancy, hormone levels drop suddenly, so suddenly just stop the growth of breast development, and breast pain caused by breast pieces.
6, breast pain after sex life: This is when the sex life related to changes in breast physiology. Libido or sexual disharmony are indifferent, because not reach sexual satisfaction, breast congestion, swelling is not easy to subside, or not completely dissipated, persistent congestion will breast tenderness.
Women do not have this worry completely, however, not seen for a long time pain relief, and even more serious, or touch the breast, we found a rugged edge unclear, when masses of poor activity, it should try to go to hospital treatment .
First, adolescent breast pain: usually occurs at the age of 9 years old to 13, menarche, the pain will go away.
Second, premenstrual breast pain: There are many women before menstruation breast fullness, hair hard, tenderness of the phenomenon; serious cases by a slight vibration or impact of breast pain will be uncomfortable. This is because by the former increased estrogen levels, breast hyperplasia, breast edema caused by intergovernmental organizations. After menstruation, these changes may disappear.
Third, breast pain during pregnancy: some women during pregnancy about 40 days, because of the placenta, chorionic secretion in estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, resulting in increased breast, breast pain caused by weight from the sustainable throughout the pregnancy, without treatment.
4, postpartum breast pain: 3 days to 7 days postpartum often appear breasts fullness, induration, pain. This is mainly due to retention of breast lymphatic, venous filling and interstitial edema and poor ductal due.
5, breast pain after abortion: a sudden interruption of these because of pregnancy, hormone levels drop suddenly, so suddenly just stop the growth of breast development, and breast pain caused by breast pieces.
6, breast pain after sex life: This is when the sex life related to changes in breast physiology. Libido or sexual disharmony are indifferent, because not reach sexual satisfaction, breast congestion, swelling is not easy to subside, or not completely dissipated, persistent congestion will breast tenderness.
Women do not have this worry completely, however, not seen for a long time pain relief, and even more serious, or touch the breast, we found a rugged edge unclear, when masses of poor activity, it should try to go to hospital treatment .
What hidden mystery disease female low back pain
In view of many diseases can cause women to lumbosacral pain, lumbosacral pain with every woman should pay sufficient attention to the hospital in time to do the relevant checks and early treatment.
Life, many women may have had lumbosacral pain, but did not put it as one thing, and not say anything and do not want to go for medical treatment. In fact, women may be hidden behind the lumbosacral pain with certain diseases.
Clinical data show that lumbar pain is not an independent disease, but a variety of symptoms, tiredness, low back pain, acute and chronic lower back injury, bone hyperplasia, arthritis, kidney disease, lumbar muscle strain, lumbar disc psychosis diseases are caused by lumbosacral pain. In women, because of their lower back muscles, fascia and lumbar ligament tension as men strong, the movement of the load volume of suitability, easy fatigue; women after pregnancy, as the uterus increases, resulting in lumbar forward bending Turn the body to change the structure of lumbar facet joints, loss of focus on the normal physiological balance, so that the waist part of the muscle, fascia and ligaments and other long-term in a high state of tension, creating chronic fatigue. Intra-abdominal organs on the move during late pregnancy, and postpartum suddenly dropped, pulling the peritoneum is a woman produces an important cause of lumbosacral pain.
In addition to these physiological factors unique to women, there are a number of gynecological diseases caused by lumbosacral pain is an important factor, there are several more common disorders:
First genital inflammation. Lumbosacral pain often overworked, and after sexual intercourse before and after the period increased, patients often feel back pain, abdominal discomfort or pain, fever, fatigue, loss of appetite and other symptoms.
Second, abnormal position of the uterus. Normal uterine position slightly forward flexion Department, the functions of ligaments around easily. When the uterus or after the bend backward, due to inflammation caused by adhesions around the uterus and caused traction of the lumbosacral pain, this situation occurred in more frequent flow of people, productive, or other uterine surgery. Uterine prolapse, prolapse, or high adhesion in the abdominal cavity, can stretch ligaments, leading to the occurrence of lumbosacral pain.
Third, intrauterine abnormalities. Some women lumbosacral pain is often caused by the abnormal intrauterine device. Abnormalities, including intrauterine contraceptive device type does not match with the bureaucratic, flexible contraceptive ring is too large or abnormal intrauterine position. For these reasons, the birth control ring incarcerated in the uterine cavity, stimulate the uterine wall, lumbosacral pain caused by reflex. This can remove the IUD, especially for postmenopausal women who have more time to remove the IUD.
Fourth, pelvic tumor. Such as uterine fibroids, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and other diseases. Early pelvic tumor due to secluded, not easily to be found that when cancer cells invade tumor compression of pelvic nerves or the connective tissue, can cause occurrence of lumbosacral pain.
Life, many women may have had lumbosacral pain, but did not put it as one thing, and not say anything and do not want to go for medical treatment. In fact, women may be hidden behind the lumbosacral pain with certain diseases.
Clinical data show that lumbar pain is not an independent disease, but a variety of symptoms, tiredness, low back pain, acute and chronic lower back injury, bone hyperplasia, arthritis, kidney disease, lumbar muscle strain, lumbar disc psychosis diseases are caused by lumbosacral pain. In women, because of their lower back muscles, fascia and lumbar ligament tension as men strong, the movement of the load volume of suitability, easy fatigue; women after pregnancy, as the uterus increases, resulting in lumbar forward bending Turn the body to change the structure of lumbar facet joints, loss of focus on the normal physiological balance, so that the waist part of the muscle, fascia and ligaments and other long-term in a high state of tension, creating chronic fatigue. Intra-abdominal organs on the move during late pregnancy, and postpartum suddenly dropped, pulling the peritoneum is a woman produces an important cause of lumbosacral pain.
In addition to these physiological factors unique to women, there are a number of gynecological diseases caused by lumbosacral pain is an important factor, there are several more common disorders:
First genital inflammation. Lumbosacral pain often overworked, and after sexual intercourse before and after the period increased, patients often feel back pain, abdominal discomfort or pain, fever, fatigue, loss of appetite and other symptoms.
Second, abnormal position of the uterus. Normal uterine position slightly forward flexion Department, the functions of ligaments around easily. When the uterus or after the bend backward, due to inflammation caused by adhesions around the uterus and caused traction of the lumbosacral pain, this situation occurred in more frequent flow of people, productive, or other uterine surgery. Uterine prolapse, prolapse, or high adhesion in the abdominal cavity, can stretch ligaments, leading to the occurrence of lumbosacral pain.
Third, intrauterine abnormalities. Some women lumbosacral pain is often caused by the abnormal intrauterine device. Abnormalities, including intrauterine contraceptive device type does not match with the bureaucratic, flexible contraceptive ring is too large or abnormal intrauterine position. For these reasons, the birth control ring incarcerated in the uterine cavity, stimulate the uterine wall, lumbosacral pain caused by reflex. This can remove the IUD, especially for postmenopausal women who have more time to remove the IUD.
Fourth, pelvic tumor. Such as uterine fibroids, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and other diseases. Early pelvic tumor due to secluded, not easily to be found that when cancer cells invade tumor compression of pelvic nerves or the connective tissue, can cause occurrence of lumbosacral pain.
How to diagnose fungal vaginitis
The most common symptoms of fungal vaginitis is genital itching, vaginal discharge increased significantly. Pruritus in patients with mild symptoms when the heavy, time-fat pm. Yin Yang fungal vaginitis caused by Trichomonas vaginitis than generally obvious, severe itching feel restless, sleepless nights. Patients may also have vaginal burning feeling during urination, in particular. Inflammation may also be accompanied heavy frequent urination, dysuria, dyspareunia. Increased vaginal discharge is another major symptom of this disease. Leucorrhea general viscous texture, color or white or yellow, may also be thin. A typical fungal vaginitis or vaginal discharge was rubbish like milk coagulation block. Gynecological examination, see: according to the severity of different, labia minora, vaginal mucosa with varying degrees of congestion, edema of the labia minora. There are more viscous vagina vaginal discharge or vaginal mucous membrane covered with tunica albuginea, wipe albuginea, visible erosion exposed mucosal swelling or superficial ulcers.
If the typical symptoms, making diagnosis is not difficult, but should also be combined with conventional laboratory tests for diagnosis. Commonly used method is the hanging drop method: the drop of saline or 10% potassium hydroxide solution set on a slide, take a small amount of discharge into them, put the direct microscopic examination under a microscope, such as finding pseudohyphae and spores, it is clear at this time Candida in the disease state, can be diagnosed as fungal vaginitis. If suspicious symptoms, but did not find many fake microscope microscopic hyphae, bacterial culture should be done.
If the typical symptoms, making diagnosis is not difficult, but should also be combined with conventional laboratory tests for diagnosis. Commonly used method is the hanging drop method: the drop of saline or 10% potassium hydroxide solution set on a slide, take a small amount of discharge into them, put the direct microscopic examination under a microscope, such as finding pseudohyphae and spores, it is clear at this time Candida in the disease state, can be diagnosed as fungal vaginitis. If suspicious symptoms, but did not find many fake microscope microscopic hyphae, bacterial culture should be done.
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